Культурологічний альманах

COFFEE AS A SYMBOL OF COLONIALISM: THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF COFFEE AS PART OF GLOBAL POWER RELATIONS AND CULTURAL DIFFUSION

2025-08-04T09:29:40+03:00

The article presents an analysis of the history of the spread of coffee in Europe in the context of colonial processes, particularly those related to the conquest and exploitation of South American and African territories. Based on an analysis of foundational data, information was gathered on the origins of coffee, its cultivation and expansion, as well as the broader historical and social background in which the beverage gained global significance. Particular attention was paid to the role coffee played in shaping relations between colonizing and colonized countries, both economically and culturally. The article analyzes 11 sources, providing an in-depth understanding of colonial processes, the symbolism associated with coffee, its journey from a local product to a commodity of global significance, and related social and economic transformations. A particularly important aspect of the analysis is to show how coffee cultivation and distribution were intertwined with mechanisms of exploitation – particularly the system of slave labor – and how European colonial empires used the human and natural resources of conquered countries for their own enrichment. The article also highlights the role of coffee as an element of material culture and a tool of cultural domination. It draws attention to how coffee houses developed in European cities – spaces not only for consumption, but also for intellectual and social life, which played an important role in the public life of the 18th and 19th centuries. Coffee, being a colonial product, became a symbol of modernity and luxury, available initially only to the elite and, over time, to wider social strata. The conclusions of the analysis are not limited to the past – the contemporary effects of colonialism, present in the global structures of coffee production and trade, in economic inequality and in entrenched cultural stereotypes, are also highlighted. The article attempts to show coffee not only as a popular beverage, but also as an important symbol of the historical processes that have shaped the modern world and the relationship between the Global North and South.

THE CONCEPT OF INFINITY AS THE BASIS OF THE FAUSTIAN CULTURAL PARADIGM

2025-08-04T09:36:12+03:00

The research analyzes the formation of Western European cultural tradition through the concept of infinity as a fundamental symbol. The work reveals the specificity of the Faustian cultural type in its opposition to the ancient Apollonian tradition. The author substantiates the methodological importance of considering geographical and temporal factors in studying cultural phenomena.Each cultural system is characterized by unique forms of self-expression that go through cycles of emergence, flourishing, and decline without the possibility of repetition. The formation of great cultures occurs through mythological narratives and epic traditions. The Arthurian legend becomes the initial text of Western European Faustian culture.The primary artistic expression of the new cultural paradigm was the Romanesque architectural style, but it reached its highest embodiment through Gothic art. The cathedral occupies a central place in Gothic aesthetics. The peculiarity of "flaming" Gothic is the transmission of the idea of dynamic movement, fire energy, where the Faustian spirit materializes in stone forms.

CULTURAL DIALOGUE OF UKRAINE IN INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION PRACTICES OF VISUAL ART, 2014–2024: A REVIEW OF UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

2025-08-04T09:38:43+03:00

This article reviews Ukrainian historiography addressing the cultural dialogue in visual art through Ukraine’s participation in international exhibition projects from 2014 to 2024. The study sets the lower chronological boundary in the aftermath of the Revolution of Dignity and the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War. In contrast, it defines the upper boundary by the need to examine recent shifts in exhibition practices. The authors base the study’s methodological framework on the principles of a comprehensive approach, systematicity, historicism, and objectivity and apply general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, functional and evolutionary analysis, periodization, historiographical source criticism, and the problem-chronological method.The article summarizes, systematizes, and analyzes key scholarly works on the subject and highlights their authors’ contributions to understanding the role of visual art as an instrument of cultural diplomacy. Three periods are identified within the defined chronological boundaries, each characterized by a distinct historiographical focus shaped by significant historical events. The study notes the participation of Ukrainian artists in international exhibitions (such as the Venice Biennale and other cultural events) and discusses the interaction between Ukrainian and foreign cultural institutions. It outlines the evolution of academic approaches to the topic, with particular attention to changes in the cultural paradigm following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.The article also identifies prospects for further research, emphasizing the need for deeper exploration of Ukraine’s cultural dialogue within international exhibition practices in the first quarter of the 21st century, based on an expanded source base. The findings provide valuable insights for university education, the organization of cultural initiatives, and the development of new strategies for cultural diplomacy aimed at promoting Ukrainian visual art and enhancing Ukraine’s image in the international cultural space.

THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE

2025-08-04T09:42:56+03:00

The article examines the features of intercultural communication in scientific discourse, which gains particular importance in the context of science globalization, the expansion of contacts, and the active researchers’ participation in international academic exchanges. The significance of effective intercultural communication for successful scientific inquiry, innovation implementation, the development of international cooperation, and the establishment of mutual understanding among representatives of different cultures is emphasized. Intercultural communication is defined as an integrative process encompassing philosophical-cultural, socio-psychological, linguistic, and cognitive aspects. The main challenges faced by researchers in the context of intercultural interaction are outlined: language barriers, stylistic differences, difficulties in adapting to a foreign academic style, insufficient knowledge of the local sociocultural context, and the problem of countering microaggressions in scientific communication. The article clarifies the differences between Western European and Eastern European academic traditions in argumentation structures, presentation of research results, use of verb forms, logical connectors, and terminology. The priorities of modern scientific discourse are highlighted: principles of academic integrity, adherence to ethical norms of intercultural interaction, and the incorporation of interdisciplinary research and methods. The article offers recommendations for the development of academic writing and critical thinking skills among doctoral candidates, as well as for enhancing the overall effectiveness of intercultural communication in the global academic space.

THE ESSENCE OF HISTORIOSOPHY AS A PHENOMENON OF UKRAINIAN CULTURE IN THE CONCEPT OF KOSTYANTYN KYSLYUK

2025-08-04T10:20:23+03:00

The article presents a historiographic analysis of the culturological monograph by Konstantin Kyslyuk, which embodies the author's sufficiently complete concept of historiosophy as an intellectual phenomenon in the cultural history of Ukraine. In order to reveal the essence of the stated topic, the article takes into account the most important theoretical and historical aspects. According to Kostyantyn Kyslyuk, historiosophy is the most widespread historical and cognitive practice in the Ukrainian environment, which is aimed at understanding cultural and historical events and phenomena in the life of the Ukrainian people. The article analyzes Kostyantyn Kyslyuk's theoretical definition of the concept of Ukrainian historiosophy. The system of his views on the problem of distinguishing the concepts of “historiosophy” and “philosophy of history” is studied, which is an attempt to finally solve this scientific problem. The difference between the types, types, and forms of historiosophy as a phenomenon of Ukrainian culture is analyzed, in accordance with the author's argumentation presented in the monograph. Special attention is paid to the development of historiosophical thought in Ukraine throughout its centuries-old history. Based on the material of the monographic work of Konstantin Kyslyuk, from the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 21st century, the article highlights the characteristic features of Ukrainian historiosophy at different stages of development – emergence, formation, maturity, modernization. At the same time, the article analyzes some texts from literary primary sources.The article determines the novelty and practical significance of the scientific cultural and historiosophical concept of Konstantin Kyslyuk in the conditions of the socio-ideological crisis and cultural and political transformations of the first decades of the post-Soviet period of independent Ukraine.The article also highlights the main facts from the biography of Kostyantyn Kislyuk as a prominent figure in the field of scientific humanities in modern Ukraine.

THE INFLUENCE OF MASS CULTURE ON COLLECTIVE IDENTITY

2025-08-04T10:23:38+03:00

The article offers a scientifically unbiased study of the impact of mass culture on collective identity. Its relevance is caused by the dominance of pessimistic assessments of the social consequences of mass media in contemporary intellectual thought. Their ideological basis is the elite theories conceptualized in the nineteenth century. Their representatives (A. Schopenhauer, F. Nietzsche) were among the first to notice a decline in the quality of culture, as mediocrity took the lead in the intellectual and cultural spheres. The situation, according to a number of researchers (J. Ortega y Gasset, M. Heidegger, T. Adorno), was significantly exacerbated by industrialization, which contributed to the increased commercialization and standardization of cultural products. The spread of the latter laid the groundwork for the unification of people’s thinking and needs, and thus their loss of cultural authenticity. The dominance of monotonous products and mosaic information led to the transformation of a person into a faceless consumer who does not have the opposition to Others inherent in modern communities, and therefore does not realize himself or herself as a member of a unique community, but as a representative of all humanity. In parallel with the pessimistic view of the social impact of mass culture, the intellectual thought of the twentieth century saw the emergence of approaches that focused on the positive effects of media on society and culture.A good example in this context is the modernist theory of nation-building. Their creators have comprehensively and reasonably proved the key importance of mass media, and especially printing, in shaping modern forms of collective identity. The role of the media in shaping the internal unity of communities has not changed with the advent of commercialized mass culture. The diverse content of the latter’s messages, according to scholarly research of the second half of the twentieth century, is not perceived passively by the audience, but is interpreted according to the available experience. This enables both individuals and communities to resist the power structures in their attempts to impose certain ideas or values and to find in the media content the meanings, strategies, and programs important for preserving and crystallizing their own identity.

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF FASHION INNOVATIONS IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD

2025-08-04T10:26:25+03:00

The ongoing military aggression on the territory of Ukraine actualizes the issue of cultural development of fashion innovations in Ukraine and the world. At this time, while Ukraine’s military experience influences the formation of an innovative culture within local borders, on a global scale, there is a cultural development of fashion innovations, which has launched large-scale socio-cultural transformational changes, which are the purpose of this article to explore. Textile fashion innovations in the field of culture evolve over time, embodying eras and human needs.Today, these are artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), e-commerce and new technologies for creating textiles, as cultural fashion innovations – 3D, 4D printing, nanotechnology (NNI), smart clothing: wearable computers; electronic textiles; biofabrication, etc. The analyzed modern new technologies for creating textiles and clothing have a number of advantages compared to traditional production processes. This is a fast design process, timeliness and reduction of costs for working with inventory, warehousing, packaging and transportation.They allow you to view the seasonal cycles of creating clothes, the calendar of their delivery and develop new formats for the presentation of new products. In the near future, with the help of a gadget, anyone will be able to create the clothes they need anywhere and at any time 24/7. The technology of creating clothes in the near future will become a personal gadget and will appear in every home, like a mobile phone or tablet. Their rapid development follows the path of independence from sewing industries. Before the full-scale invasion, Ukraine began to actively develop the market of cultural fashion innovations, not only in its own country, but also abroad. After all, the innovative potential of fashion as a cultural practice is one of the critically important dimensions of socio-cultural and economic development and recovery of both Ukraine and other countries of the world.

CREATIVITY OF UKRAINIAN ARTISTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF THE PARIS SCHOOL (FIRST THIRD OF THE 20TH CENTURY)

2025-08-04T10:35:15+03:00

The purpose of the article is to recall the names of Ukrainian artists in the context of representing that powerful international association that took part in the creation of the Paris School. Today, the phrase Ecole de Paris is used mainly to designate works created by émigré artists in Paris in the 1900s – 1930s. Artists came here from all over the world, already having a basic artistic education obtained in schools and academies of Kyiv, Odessa, Krakow, Vienna, Munich, Berlin. As a social phenomenon, the Paris School encompasses the international environment of émigré artists who lived in Paris at the specified time. According to its pictorial and plastic characteristics, it includes artists who were associated with extreme avant-garde movements and were formed under the influence of post-impressionism, in whose work expressive tendencies were manifested. Throughout the 20th century, art historians were intrigued by the question: if the School of Paris was not created by the French, can it be considered French art? If not, whose art? French researchers quickly included in their area of interest artists who had gained world recognition, but they were still of little interest in second-rate foreigners, whose work remained hidden in cramped Parisian studios, and then forgotten. A kind of recognition of the phenomenon of the School of Paris – a foreign presence and participation in the artistic process that took place in the 20th century. in the French capital, was the exhibition “The School of Paris 1904–1929, Part of the Other”, which was held at the Museum of Modern Art in Paris in 2000–2001. The solid catalog of the exhibition covered only 82 of the brightest representatives, among whom were natives of Ukraine, but the catalog did not include hundreds of names. The article outlines the work of the most researched of them.

CONCEPT “GOOD” IN UKRAINIAN AND AMERICAN WORLDVIEWS: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

2025-08-04T10:38:32+03:00

The paper reveals the specifics of the formation of the concept GOOD as a basic normative fragment of the consciousness of Ukrainians and Americans in the unity of its figurative, informational, and value components. The mechanisms of functioning are clarified, and the place and role of this concept in the Ukrainian and US English language worldviews are determined. The subject of study is the means of verbalization of the concept GOOD in Ukrainian and US English (received with the associative experiment), which explicitly and/or implicitly represent the results of objectification and actualization of the corresponding mental information in speech.To solve the tasks set, the modelling methodology and principles of analysis of the concept GOOD in the Ukrainian and English worldviews are substantiated on the basis of modern cognitology, the features of its structural organization in both languages are revealed (figurative, informational and value components), and the linguistic units that can directly or indirectly verbalise the mental information contained in this concept are also determined.The application of a modelling methodology led to an interpretive field construction and the development of a verbal model of the analysed concept making it possible to identify common and distinctive cognitive features explicated by linguistic means within its nuclear, subnuclear, and peripheral zones.

DIGITAL PHOTO ARCHIVES AS A FACTOR IN PRESERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE AND SHAPING NATIONAL IDENTITY IN UKRAINE

2025-08-04T10:43:24+03:00

The article explores the phenomenon of digital photo archives as one of the key instruments for preserving Ukraine’s cultural heritage and shaping national identity in the digital age. It focuses on the theoretical interpretation of the concept of the “cultural archive” based on philosophical and cultural studies approaches, particularly Michel Foucault’s ideas on the archive as a mechanism of power, memory, and identity. The transformation of archival practices is analyzed – from traditional forms to digital platforms that not only preserve but also represent nationally significant cultural assets. The advantages of digital technologies in preserving photographs, documents, and artifacts are discussed: protection from physical destruction, easy access for a broad audience, and opportunities for interactive virtual engagement with cultural heritage. Special attention is paid to contemporary Ukrainian digital initiatives, including projects for reconstructing lost objects using 3D graphics. The role of digital photo archives in spreading knowledge about Ukraine’s cultural diversity, preserving linguistic, ethnic, and religious identity, and supporting intercultural dialogue and cultural diplomacy is examined. The article also emphasizes the importance of digitizing cultural heritage during the Russian-Ukrainian war, when many heritage sites have been destroyed or are under threat. Official statistical data on losses to cultural infrastructure are provided, further highlighting the relevance of digital methods of preservation and archiving. The article argues that digital photo archives are not only technical means of information storage but also active tools of cultural policy that influence the construction of historical memory and the strengthening of cultural identity. In conclusion, the article substantiates the scientific, social, and educational significance of digital photo archives in contemporary Ukrainian society, drawing attention to their potential as a source for interdisciplinary research, cultural self-knowledge, and civic engagement.

ON THE QUESTION OF THE THING IN THE WORKS OF SIMONE WEIL

2025-08-04T10:46:25+03:00

This article examines selected aspects of Simone Weil’s philosophy, focusing specifically on the concept of the “thing”. The paper proposes to approach this issue in light of current global transformations, including worldwide instability, the gradual retreat from globalism, the crisis of western democracies and the rise of technological rationality as the dominant mode of thinking in the contemporary world. The technological domain has long been subject to critical scrutiny by european intellectuals, from Thomas More to contemporary scholars.Although Simone Weil is not positioned at the forefront of this tradition, she nonetheless treats the notion of the thing as a significant element in her philosophical investigations. Analysing of her work reveals that Weil's inquiries extend beyond themes such as the human experience of divine abandonment or the challenges of the christianity worldview. Her reflections also engage deeply with the relationship between the person and society, individuality and collectivity. The broader social relevance of Weil’s work prompts consideration of the cultural dimension under the conditions of today’s technological paradigm. The article identifies the process of dehumanization as intimately connected to the reification of the individual through the operation of force, which is implicitly embedded in structures of power. It further analyzes the role of the collective-individual dichotomy within Weil’s thought. The current cultural landscape is examined through the lens of subject – object, object – object and subject – subject relations, which have regained significance in the digital age. The impact of technology on the erosion of human values is underscored. Finally, the paper explores the role of Christian theology in Weil’s philosophical reflections on the thing, power and force, positioning them within the broader quest for harmony across cultural dimensions ‒ including Christian, ancient and Hindu heritages. The continuing relevance of Weil’s thought is considered in relation to the analysis of cyberspace as a new metaphysical domain of modernity.

EDUARDO VIVEIRUS DE CASTRO’S CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY: ONTOLOGICAL TURN AND DECOLONIZATION OF THOUGHT

2025-08-04T10:50:25+03:00

The article considers the concept of cultural anthropology of Brazilian scientist Eduardo Viveiro de Castro.Viveiros de Castro's project of cultural anthropology is considered in the broad context of cultural and philosophical theories of the second half of the 20th – early 21st centuries. The idea is substantiated that Viveiros de Castro's works are a search for new paths for anthropological research in the 21st century. Special attention is paid to the consideration of Viveiros de Castro's research in the context of the ontological turn in modern anthropology. This direction also includes the works of Bruno Latour, Philippe Descola, Roy Wagner and Marilyn Strathern. These scientists try to overcome the isolation of cultural anthropology on exclusively epistemological issues and turn to the consideration of ontologies that construct the worldview of communities. In particular, Philippe Descola identifies four ontological models: animism, totemism, naturalism and analogism. Naturalism is inherent in Western European society, which relies on the achievements of modern science. But in order to understand pre-modern communities, according to theorists of the ontological turn, it is necessary not only to describe these communities, but also to reproduce their ontologies.Viveiros de Castro develops the central principles of the ontological turn in his works. The article examines the polemic of the Brazilian scientist with the interpretation of animism in Descola's theory. The connection between the concepts of perspectivism and multi-naturalism developed by Viveiros de Castro with the post-structuralism of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari and the actor-network theory of Bruno Latour is also traced. Viveiros de Castro's project of cultural anthropology is considered as an attempt to decolonize thinking. The scientist suggests that the new generation of anthropologists not only study pre-modern communities, but also learn from their worldview.

USE OF UKRAINIAN MUSEUMS AS A MEANS OF RUSSIAN MILITARY PROPAGANDA

2025-08-04T10:54:13+03:00

The article examines the process of transforming Ukrainian museums into a propaganda tool within the framework of Russia’s hybrid war against Ukraine. The methods of seizing and transforming museum institutions remaining in the temporarily occupied territories, as well as the accompanying theft of museum funds to Russia and the destruction of museum exhibits, are analyzed in detail. Particular attention is paid to the process of appropriation of Ukrainian museum heritage, its integration into the Russian information field, and militarization to influence public consciousness.The author focuses on the scale of theft of historical heritage objects, in particular artifacts of world importance that are an integral part of Ukrainian cultural identity. Examples of modern exhibitions used for propaganda purposes are given, and methods of digital cataloging of museum collections for documenting crimes are analyzed. The international context of the problem is also highlighted: Ukraine’s cooperation with UNESCO and other international organizations in protecting cultural heritage, tracking the illegal circulation of museum artifacts and measures aimed at returning stolen exhibits.The process of creating new museums that function as means of ideological influence, manipulating historical facts and changing cultural facts in accordance with propaganda interests is considered. It is proven that museum exhibitions actively falsify historical events, relaying narratives that justify Russia’s occupation policy and discredit Ukraine in the international arena. Where the museum sphere is actively used to create the illusion of historical continuity and cultural unity with Russia, which is aimed at changing the collective memory of the population of the occupied territories. The key role of museum propaganda in forming citizens’ beliefs about the dominance of Russian culture, imposing historical disinformation and spreading ideological control is emphasized. The author focuses on the scale of theft of historical heritage objects, in particular artifacts of world importance, which are an integral part of Ukrainian cultural identity. Examples of modern exhibits used for propaganda purposes are given, and methods of digital cataloging of museum collections for documenting crimes are analyzed.The author focuses on the scale of theft of historical heritage objects, in particular artifacts of world importance that are an integral part of Ukrainian cultural identity. Examples of modern exhibitions used for propaganda purposes are given, and methods of digital cataloging of museum collections for documenting crimes are analyzed.The article emphasizes the critical need to protect and preserve cultural heritage in times of war, examines the risks of information influence through the museum network, and outlines the risks of transforming historical discourse in times of war, which negatively affect the preservation of national identity. The article presents strategic directions for the museum sector of Ukraine as an outpost of cultural resistance, including documenting the facts of destruction, creating digital archives, international cooperation, and using museum platforms to preserve historical memory.

FLORIAN ZNANIECKI'S PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE (AN ATTEMPT TO ACTUALISE)

2025-08-04T10:57:40+03:00

The publication outlines the key theses of Florian Znaniecki's (1882–1958) philosophy of culture. In the West, Znaniecki is considered one of the most famous Polish scholars. His scientific heritage in the field of sociology is widely recognised, but Znaniecki defined himself as a philosopher of culture and left behind several fundamental monographs of theoretical content. In Ukraine, Florian Znaniecki is almost unknown to the broader cultural studies community, and his works have not been translated even partially.The article focuses on the originality of Florian Znaniecki's concept of culture, who did not share the general catastrophism of European thinkers who survived the First World War. Agreeing with the thesis of the crisis of civilisation, the Polish philosopher nevertheless considered this crisis to be only the beginning of a new stage of human development. The culmination of Znaniecki's research in cultural studies was his works “Cultural Reality” and “Cultural Sciences”, which were first published in the United States. F. Znaniecki was an advocate of a broad definition of the concept of ‘culture’, as he considered cultural studies to be one of the sciences of society, like sociology. Thus, according to Znaniecki, culture included science, economics, technology, etc.The article also examines Florian Znaniecki's concept of culturalism, which remains relevant today. Under culturalism, the scholar understood a separate type of worldview that is formed as a result of creative reflection on cultural phenomena. According to Znaniecki, the human mind is also part of culture. Using the definition of “cultural system”, Znaniecki explained it as a cycle of individual actions of an individual who is only one component of the system and whose actions depend on the ultimate goal that the cultural system is supposed to achieve. The conclusions emphasise the need for a deeper study of the creative heritage of the Polish-American philosopher, and the preparation of an academic edition of his selected works translated into Ukrainian.

EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AS A VALUE-CULTURAL CHALLENGE OF WARTIME

2025-08-04T11:00:15+03:00

The article explores Ukraine's European integration during a full-scale war, analyzing this process from a distinct value-cultural perspective. The author examines cultural policy as a space of symbolic interaction between Ukraine and the European Union and as a crucial mechanism for adapting to the European normative-value model. It is shown that the signing of the Association Agreement with the EU in 2014 and Ukraine's receipt of candidate status for EU accession in June 2022 served as a powerful external stimulus for modernizing Ukrainian cultural institutions and practices, facilitating a shift from post-Soviet patterns to European standards. Amid wartime, the cultural sphere becomes an area of existential resistance, societal consolidation, and the formation of a new Ukrainian identity aligned with European values. The article employs theoretical frameworks of Europeanization under conflict conditions, differentiated Europeanization and the concept of Normative Power Europe to analyze how war impacts the implementation of integration reforms and the symbolic legitimization of Ukraine's European choice. Particular attention is given to specific EU-supported programs aimed at supporting Ukrainian culture, such as «Creative Europe», «ZMINA: Rebuilding» and «Culture Helps» which serve as tools for adapting Ukraine’s cultural sector to EU standards and requirements.

PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE DURING AGGRESSION AND MILITARY ACTIONS: THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS AND PSEUDO-RELIGIOUS FACTORS

2025-08-01T14:13:07+03:00

This article examines how religious and pseudo-religious factors shape the psycho-emotional state in conditions of aggression and military action. The analysis covers the role of religious beliefs and psychological mechanisms in the perception and response to stress caused by conflicts. The impact of religious institutions and doctrines on the psyche and morality is also considered. Special attention is paid to the use of pseudo-religious ideas and manipulations for psychological influence in the context of political and social conflicts. The conclusions obtained are important for a deeper understanding of the psychological aspects of the impact of religious and pseudo-religious factors on the psycho-emotional state of conflict participants and can be used to develop effective psychological approaches to strengthening interfaith and interethnic harmony in crisis situations.The role of religious beliefs in overcoming stress and adapting to traumatic events is analyzed, as well as the destructive impact of pseudo-religious ideologies and manipulations on the psyche in conflict situations. Special attention is paid to the consideration of ways of using religious feelings to incite hostility and justify violence.The article examines the multifaceted influence of religious institutions and doctrines on the formation of the psyche and moral values of the individual. The ways in which religious organizations transmit certain worldviews, ethical norms and models of behavior, influencing cognitive processes, the emotional sphere and moral development of the individual are analyzed. Both positive aspects of this influence, such as community formation, maintaining social cohesion and providing ethical guidelines, and potential negative consequences associated with dogmatism, intolerance and manipulation of consciousness are considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of psychological mechanisms of assimilation of religious ideas and their reflection on moral judgments and actions of believers. The results of the study may be useful for specialists in the field of psychology of religion, sociology, philosophy and theology, as well as for all those interested in issues of spiritual development and the influence of social institutions on the personality.

“HE PRESENTED TO BE ORTHODOX, BUT ADHERED TO ANCIENT UNIATE PRACTICES”: AN ATTEMPT TO RECONSTRUCT THE HISTORICAL PORTRAIT OF PRIEST MYKHAILO ANDRIYOVYCH FEDORAK (1921–1995)

2025-08-01T14:15:48+03:00

The aim of the work. Coverage of the life and activities of Father Mykhailo Andriyovych Fedorak, parish priest of the UGCC community of the village of Yamnytsia near Ivano-Frankivsk, an example of which can demonstrate the evolution of the views and behavior of one of the priests from the practice of an Orthodox “Uniate-minded” priest to the full restoration of his Greek-Catholic religious-confessional individual self-identification.The results. The second part of the article examines the activities of Father Mykhailo Fedorak as a priest of the ROC for local religious communities in the Ivano-Frankivsk region, his persecution by the Soviet authorities for “Uniate sentiments”, his return to the UGCC in 1989, and his pastoral and public work.Conclusions. The reconstruction of the life and activities of Father Mykhailo Andriyovych Fedorak (1921–1995), conducted on the basis of an analysis of a complex of historical sources using the methods of biography, prosopography, and microhistory, allows us to assert that he became a good example of zealous pastoral service for the Ukrainian people under the conditions of the Soviet totalitarian regime and in the revived independent Ukraine. At the same time, using the historiographic model “Church within the Church”, we can confirm the presence in the activities of Father M. A. Fedorak of elements of formal loyalty and “double confessional self-identity”, which was formed as a result of the historical circumstances of the formation of his personality and largely determined his active pastoral work, first as an Orthodox priest, his conflict with the Soviet totalitarian regime (which led to his imprisonment), and later found a final solution with his return to the bosom of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church legalized by the state. The important results of our research are the reconstruction of his pastoral work sequentially, first as an Orthodox priest in the villages of Kolodiivka, Dobrivlyany (Dobrovlyany) and Uzin (Uzyn) of the Stanislavsky district, Sadzhavka and Kubayivka (Kubayivka) of the Kolomyia district, Zhovten (Yezupil) of the Galician district, Hlubok (Hlyboke) of the Bogorodchansky district, Korshiv, Kazaniv, Lisky and Gody (Gody-Dobrovidka) of the Kolomyia district, Nyzhniv, Bratyshiv and Kutyska (Kutyshche), Zhukiv and Zhukotyn of the Tlumachsky district, and after his arrest and imprisonment in 1973–1975. – in the villages of Kolokolyn and Kozary in the Rohatyn district, Blyudnyky, Temerivtsi (Temirivtsi), Kurypiv, Pukasivtsi, Hannivtsi and Mezhyhirtsi in the Halych district, Yamnytsia in the Tysmenytsia district, and then as a Greek Catholic priest in the same village of Yamnytsia. Among the promising areas of research, in particular, is the reconstruction of the prosopographic portrait of the family of Father Mykhailo Fedorak, which will allow us to reveal the role of each such “little person” in the religious-ecclesiastical, cultural, professional, and public spheres of life of Ukrainian society.

TRAINING OF CHAPLAINS AS A FOUNDATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPIRITUAL SUPPORT IN MODERN UKRAINIAN SOCIETY

2025-08-01T14:22:14+03:00

The article explores the issue of chaplain training as a crucial element of the spiritual support system in Ukraine, particularly in the context of the ongoing armed conflict and societal transformation. The focus is placed on the role of chaplains in various spheres of public life, such as the military, police, hospitals, penitentiary institutions, and other social structures, as well as the importance of their professional training for the effective execution of spiritual care functions. Historically, Ukraine has deep-rooted chaplaincy traditions dating back to the era of Kyivan Rus.However, modern chaplaincy requires new approaches to training specialists capable of providing spiritual support in challenging conditions of war, stress, and crisis situations. The article identifies key stages in the development of military chaplaincy in Ukraine, particularly since 2014, when chaplaincy became an integral part of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Special attention is given to the organization of educational programs for chaplains, the adaptation of training courses to meet the needs of both military and civilian institutions, and the establishment of ethical and professional standards for chaplain service. The article also emphasizes the significance of interfaith dialogue and cooperation among religious organizations in chaplain training to ensure maximum effectiveness in Ukraine’s multi-confessional society. A particular focus is placed on the importance of chaplaincy work in post-traumatic stress conditions, as psychological support is one of the primary functions of chaplains. Additionally, the article examines the prospects for the further development of chaplaincy in Ukraine, particularly the need to improve the legal framework and create more effective mechanisms for providing spiritual support to all categories of citizens, especially those experiencing stress or war-related hardships. Chaplain training in the context of globalization and contemporary challenges is seen as a crucial step toward building a harmonious and stable society, where spiritual support plays a decisive role in maintaining the moral and psychological well-being of citizens.

ESCHATOLOGICAL BELIEFS OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS IN UKRAINE IN THE 21ST CENTURY: AN ANALYSIS OF EMPIRICAL DATA

2025-08-01T14:25:11+03:00

This article presents an analysis of the eschatological beliefs held by members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Ukraine in the 21st century, based on empirical data. The primary aim of the study is to examine whether and how the expectation of the Second Coming of Christ is maintained or transformed in the context of contemporary global events, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, socio-political instability, and the war in Ukraine. The object of the study is the Seventh-day Adventist Church’s doctrine of the Second Coming, while the subject is the level of expectation among church members from 2000 to 2025. A total of 66 respondents participated in the survey, grouped into six categories according to their length of church membership. The methodology involved a questionnaire designed to identify shifts in the perception of “signs of the times” related to biblical prophecies. The findings reveal a correlation between awareness of global developments (e.g., the encyclicals Laudato Si’ and Dies Domini, COVID-19, and the war in Ukraine) and an increased intensity of eschatological expectation. Specifically, 65.2 % of respondents view the full-scale war in Ukraine as evidence of the nearness of the Second Coming, while 44 % reported that the pandemic altered their understanding of biblical prophecy. The study found that personal experience, duration of church membership, and general awareness significantly influence the interpretation of world events as prophetic signs. The research highlights the relevance of further exploration of religious consciousness in times of crisis and underscores the importance of understanding the socio-cultural factors that shape spiritual expectations. Based on the statistical data collected, it can be concluded that the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Ukraine consistently upholds its doctrinal belief in the Second Coming of Christ. However, global socio-economic and political developments do affect the intensity of this expectation. Perceptions of these events vary depending on the individual’s time within the church, yet the overall trend shows a growing hope among believers for the imminent fulfillment of biblical prophecies.

MUSIC AS A TOOL FOR EVANGELIZING SECULAR YOUTH: A THEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND THE MISSIONAL APPROACH OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH

2025-08-01T14:28:04+03:00

This article presents a theological analysis and assessment of the missional potential of music as a tool for evangelizing secular youth in the context of the Seventh-day Adventist Church’s ministry. Evangelistic outreach by the Adventist Church in today’s society requires renewed approaches to engaging with young people who are increasingly shaped by secular culture. In a world where youth often distance themselves from traditional religiosity and seek meaning through personal experience, authenticity, and creative self-expression, music emerges as an effective channel for spiritual dialogue. The study outlines the spiritual needs and worldview orientations of secular youth, analyzes the biblical and theological foundations for the use of music in Christian ministry, and explores practical approaches to its application in a missionary context. Particular attention is given to maintaining a theological balance between cultural adaptation and faithfulness to doctrinal principles. The article offers an analytical perspective on the opportunities and boundaries of music in contemporary ministry, emphasizing its potential as a means for deepening the understanding of faith and reaching youth outside the scope of traditional church activity. Based on the analysis of biblical texts, theological literature, surveys of young people, and expert opinions, the research shows that music can respond to the profound spiritual needs of today’s generation. Secular youth desire informal, emotionally rich experiences, and music often becomes the first touchpoint with spiritual truth. It has the power not only to nurture faith but also to open hearts to the Gospel – provided it is used responsibly, grounded in biblical principles and theological depth. Thus, music is considered a fully-fledged instrument of modern missionary work, capable of bridging the spiritual search of young people with the life of Christ’s Church.

THE EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF PARENTING IN SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST FAMILIES: FORMATION OF MORAL-ETHICAL VALUES AND WORLDVIEW ORIENTATIONS OF THE INDIVIDUAL

2025-08-01T14:31:46+03:00

This article is dedicated to analyzing the educational potential of parenting in Seventh-day Adventist families, focusing on the formation of moral-ethical values, spiritual beliefs, and worldview orientations of the individual.In the context of secularization and moral disorientation, the study of religious upbringing grounded in biblical principles and pedagogical ideas from the works of Ellen G. White becomes particularly relevant. The study analyzes the distinctive features of parenting in Adventist families, identifying key principles, methods, and spiritual practices that contribute to the internalization of fundamental ethical norms and the creation of a holistic spiritual environment. The primary principles of upbringing in Adventist families combine biblical values and Ellen G. White's guidelines, aimed at the spiritual, moral, and intellectual growth of the child. Key elements include: the personal example of parents, regular spiritual practices (prayer, Bible reading), a balance between discipline and love, and the development of independence through practical experience. The results of the study show that the integration of biblical teachings, church guidelines, and the practical example of parents positively influences the development of moral resilience, empathy, responsibility, and social activity in children. A comparative analysis with other parenting models reveals that the Adventist approach is distinguished by consistency in moral-ethical orientations, although it requires adaptation to the modern context through the use of the latest educational technologies. The article also outlines ways to improve the educational system, including the active incorporation of digital resources, enhancing the pedagogical competence of parents, and fostering open dialogue within the family to encourage critical thinking, emotional maturity, and intercultural sensitivity. Thus, parenting in Adventist families is viewed as an effective tool for shaping a spiritually and ethically mature individual, combining adherence to traditional values with a readiness to respond to the challenges of modern society.

RELIGIOUS CORE OF THE NEW ANIMISM

2025-08-01T14:38:17+03:00

The article examines the phenomenon of new animism, which is little studied in Ukrainian science, in search of religiosity and availability of a research field for religious scholars in the vision of this phenomenon that has been updated in recent decades. The main emphasis is placed on the analysis of new animism as such, in comparison with the most popular modern works on the definition of religion and one’s features. Research is made through the formation of a comprehensive definition of the phenomenon itself, which is described and “updated” mainly by anthropologists: Eduardo Vivierus de Castro in his work “Cosmological Deixis and Amerindian Perspectivism”, Nurit Bird-David in “Animism” Revisited. Personhood, Environment, and Relational Epistemology”, by Tim Ingold in “The Perception of the Environment” and by Philip Descola in “Beyond Nature and Culture”, as well as a number of definitions of religion and its features that we find in works from sociology, such as “Theories of Primitive Religion” by Evans Pritchard, to religious studies, such as “Sacred and Profane” by Mircea Eliade. For this, the historical-comparative method, the phenomenological method, the method of analysis, the method of synthesis and the method of formal logic were used. The questions are raised about the presence in what is mainly called “ontology”, or in rare cases “epistemology”, and is also traced in many often different in their culture and mythological images of peoples, of: ritual behavior, rituals, long-term order, common symbols, as well as the Sacred, with its comprehensiveness and the transfer to man of the rules of cosmogonization of the Unknown chaos. Ultimately, the author comes to a conclusion about the real religiosity of the new animism as a phenomenon, despite the absence of such aspects familiar to us in religious phenomena as a clearly defined demarcation of the sacred and the profane, or the formalization of rituals into a coherent system, which is a consequence of the low level of institutionalization of the considered animistic religions.

INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC ASSOCIATION “PLATFORM FOR THE UNITY OF CHRISTIANS OF THE BALTIC-BLACK SEA COUNTRIES”: ACTIVITIES, INITIATIVES, POTENTIAL OPPORTUNITIES

2025-08-01T14:41:00+03:00

This article is dedicated to the establishment and current activities of the international public organization “Platform for the Unity of Christians of the Baltic-Black Sea Countries”. This initiative unites clergy (Greek Catholics, Roman Catholics, Orthodox, and Protestants) and secular figures (scientists, politicians, and public leaders) with the goal of restoring historical ties between neighboring countries and fostering friendly relations.The Platform emerged after the large-scale invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine and is currently focused on uniting the peoples of the Baltic-Black Sea region in a collective effort to resist a common enemy. Its key activities include launching and coordinating volunteer projects beyond Ukraine, developing psychological rehabilitation programs for individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, and providing assistance to families affected by war, including those who have lost relatives or are caring for a family member with a war-related disability. This public initiative is primarily built on a historical foundation, as it involves countries that were once part of the "Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rus', and Other Nations".Over time, the scope of this association has expanded. The article outlines the Platform’s goals and objectives, including: “Establishing partnerships, strengthening mutual understanding, and promoting cooperation between clergy and secular representatives of the Baltic-Black Sea region”; “Encouraging dialogue and unity among Christians and secular organizations across various spheres of public life and service” and etc.Additionally, the article defines the main criteria for joining this public association. Of particular interest is the detailed list of initiatives/events undertaken by the Platform’s members over the years, both in Ukraine and abroad.For the first time, original documents developed by Platform members are published in seven appendices to the article.

ACCUSATIONS OF RESTRICTING RELIGIOUS FREEDOM: ARGUMENTS OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND UKRAINE

2025-08-01T14:45:12+03:00

The relevance of the research topic is due to the UN's accusations of restricting religious freedom against Ukraine, which are presented in the context of restricting the activities of the Moscow Patriarchate on the basis of the law “On the Protection of the Constitutional Order in the Field of Religious Organizations” No. 3894-IX adopted in2024. In the context of the stated issues, special attention should be paid to the arguments of the UN and Ukraine, as both parties involved in this situation. In the course of the study, the author characterizes a fragment of the 41st periodic report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the issue of restrictions on religious freedom. The main emphases of 84–88 paragraphs of the report are identified. Their coordination with the current situation in Ukraine is commented on. The counterarguments of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine and the Center for Strategic Communications and Information Security are presented. Some points of the PACE Resolution of April 17, 2024 and the report of the Institute for the Study of War (ISW) of April 9, 2023, concerning the characteristics of the extra-religious information and subversive activities of the Moscow Patriarchate are outlined. The article identifies the articles of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights that may be relevant to the justification for imposing restrictions on the functioning of the Moscow Patriarchate in Ukraine.Particular attention is paid to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), since its provisions may not reflect current geopolitical realities, namely in the context of the lack of interpretation of the concept of abuse of religious freedom. That is why the study found grounds to believe that the ICCPR needs to be updated.

INTELLECTUAL TRADITIONS OF THE KYIVAN ORTHODOX ACADEMY IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY

2025-08-01T14:51:01+03:00

The article examines the intellectual tradition of the Kyiv Orthodox Theological Academy (hereinafter – KOTA) in the context of European religious philosophy. It is proved that the philosophical heritage of the academy’s professors is important both for understanding the historical development and for the contemporary understanding of cultural and philosophical processes in Ukraine.The methodological approaches to the interpretation of the philosophical heritage of the KPBA, based on the philosophical reflections of Rector O. Trofymliuk and Metropolitan Epifaniy, are considered. The problems and challenges related to the formation of a modern Ukrainian religious identity, deconstruction of the myths of the “Russian world” and integration of religious knowledge into the broader socio-cultural context are analyzed. To study religious freedom as an indicator of democracy and human rights, an interdisciplinary approach combining historical, philosophical, religious studies, and sociological analyses is applied.The author analyzes the idea of continuing the traditions of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in the activities of the KPBA, which is an important center of religious education and science. The current stages of the Academy’s development, its transformation under the influence of the Revolution of Dignity, as well as the support of military chaplains during the military actions in Ukraine are considered separately. Attention is paid to the scientific activities of the academy, in particular the publication of the journal “Proceedings of the Kyiv Theological Academy” and the newest project “Church and Society”, which promotes dialogue between the church and modern society.The speeches of Rector O. Trofymliuk and Metropolitan Epifaniy are analyzed through the prism of religious studies concepts such as the sacralization of freedom, the politicization of religion, and the instrumentalization of faith. The concept of “religious freedom” is distinguished and its practical implementation is analyzed.The conclusions indicate that the activities of the Kyiv Orthodox Theological Academy are focused on preserving traditions, adapting to modern challenges, and developing a dialogue between Eastern and Western cultural traditions.The results of the study emphasize the importance of further studying and popularizing the philosophical heritage of the KPBA for the development of the Ukrainian religious and intellectual tradition.

TEXTBOOK OF HISTORY AND HISTORICAL POLITICS IN UKRAINE 2014–2019

2025-08-01T14:55:07+03:00

The purpose of the article is to show the connection between state policy and the history textbook. To demonstrate that history is an important tool of state policy in school. Methods. The work uses a group of general scientific methods – analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. Source base. School textbooks on world and Ukrainian history were used as sources.Results. It was found that national identity in children is formed in several ways. One of them is studying at school, where a conscious citizen is formed in history and civic education lessons. One of the means of learning is a textbook. The content of the textbook reflects the current political situation in the country. After the Revolution of Dignity, people who took a course towards European integration came to power in the country. This, in turn, led to a number of reforms in various areas, including transformations in the field of education. The study of history has undergone serious changes. A new subject was introduced in the school in grades 10 and 11 – the integrated course “History: Ukraine and the World”. This was an attempt to get rid of the old legacy of dividing history into 2 components – domestic and world. At the same time, the curriculum of the subject was changed. In addition, the Russian-Ukrainian war and the search for Ukrainian self-identification had an important impact on the content of the textbook.Conclusions. The author analyzed a number of textbooks and identified 3 main themes of the intersection of politics and history: European integration, Russian-Ukrainian relations, national narrative. These themes most accurately reflect the connection between school education and state policy.

ALL-UKRAINIAN SOCIETY OF FORMER POLITICAL PRISONERS AND EXILE TRIALS (1921–1935)

2025-08-01T15:04:47+03:00

The article examines the activities of the All-Ukrainian Society of Political Prisoners and Exiles during 1921–1935. It is established that after the October Revolution, the Civil War, and foreign intervention, the revolutionary forces were not only faced with the task of consolidating their economic and political power, but there was also a need now, in the absence of tsarist censorship, to deal in detail with the historical past of the revolutionary movement and to describe the steps that led to success. The most significant and large organization created for this purpose under the control of the old Bolsheviks on March 12, 1921, was the Society of Former Political Prisoners and Exiles.In its monthly organ, the magazine “Hard Labor and Exile” (originally “Historical and Revolutionary Bulletin”), the word was now given to “heroes of hard labor”. It published memoirs and recollections about the struggle against tsarism in the underground, in the notorious tsarist prisons, in penal servitude, in Siberian exile and emigration.Obituaries of famous revolutionaries, archival materials and some few scientific articles devoted to the revolutionary movement were also published. It has been found that the Society was so active that, until its liquidation in 1935, it significantly influenced the writing of the history of the revolutionary movement from the beginning of the 19th century to 1917 and, thus, contributed to the creation of a history or myth about the emergence and foundation of the Soviet state. In particular, members of the Society organized reports, public lectures, excursions and literary evenings in various cities of Ukraine. They did this primarily for the purpose of propaganda: to popularize the history of the revolutionary movement and the struggle against the autocracy. It has been determined that, along with caring for traditions, the Society also performed an important social function. It was engaged in the distribution of significant financial support, sanatorium places, medical care and housing among its members, some of whom were severely affected, spiritually and physically, in camps and prisons. Of interest, however, is not only the social function and the great influence of the Society on the historiography of the 20s and 30s, but also its members themselves. It included not only Bolsheviks, but also Mensheviks, anarchists (anarcho-communists and anarcho-syndicalists), Bundists, Social Revolutionaries, etc., as well as a large number of former members of these parties.In 1935, the society was liquidated.

THE INDUSTRY OF THE UKRAINIAN SSR IN THE POSTWAR TWENTY-YEAR PERIOD (1946–1965) IN THE WORKS OF UKRAINIAN DIASPORA HISTORIANS

2025-08-01T15:08:15+03:00

The article studies the diaspora historiography of the industrial development of the Ukrainian SSR in the postwar period (1946–1965). The author stresses that diaspora, migration historiography is a rather specific and, at the same time, crucial part of the historiography of the Ukrainian postwar industry. The research highlights that the history of the Ukrainian nation of the modern and contemporary periods has given rise to a range of migration waves, which formed a stable diaspora of representatives of the Ukrainian ethnic group outside Ukraine who did not mentally break ties with their homeland and continued and continue to be part of the Ukrainian world both financially and morally.It is found that the existence of various, sometimes opposite, mutually exclusive provisions and even concepts in diaspora historiography proves the general democratization of socio-political and public conditions for the development of scientific thought and the very possibility of dissent, which, in turn, is the driving force behind progress and the movement towards objectivity and the search for historical truth.The article determines that the Ukrainian diaspora historiographical tradition devoted to the analysis of development peculiarities of the Ukrainian SSR’s industry in the postwar twenty-year period differs significantly from Soviet historiography. Despite the inability to work with primary sources in the Soviet archives (however, Soviet historians did not have such an opportunity either), using only published materials, free from party dictates and allowed applying in their research all the existing theoretical and methodological tools of historical science, Ukrainian historians in exile could create a much more objective concept of the history of Ukrainian industry in the postwar twenty-year period (1946–1965). Moreover, after Ukraine gained its independence, it was the diasporic historiographical narrative that laid the groundwork for the rising historiography of the relevant topic in modern Ukrainian historical scholarship.

“I AM A FIGHTER FOR AN INDEPENDENT UKRAINIAN STATE, FOR THE UKRAINIAN PEOPLE”. YOSYP DEMCHUK (LUGOVOI) IN THE NATIONAL LIBERATION MOVEMENT

2025-08-01T15:21:08+03:00

Based on a comprehensive set of archival documents and materials, this article traces the military and organizational path of Yosyp Demchuk, known by the pseudonym “Lugovyi”, who led the Dunayevets, Kamianets-Podilskyi, and Vinnytsia supra-district leaderships of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) from 1945 to 1951.The author highlights the patriotic environment in which Demchuk was raised and formed, including his involvement with Prosvita and the nationalist upbringing within his family, which led him to join the OUN at the age of 18. The Soviet occupation of Galicia (1939–1941) also played a key role in shaping the resistance movement.Forged in the struggle–first against German occupation forces and later against the Soviets – Demchuk rapidly advanced from assistant at the OUN youth center in his native village of Petrykiv, Mykulynets District, Ternopil Region, to head of the Hrymailiv branch of the OUN Security Service in 1944. This rise is attributed to his underground talents, accumulated experience, and a degree of fortune that helped him survive Gestapo and NKVD operations.Following the establishment of the Podillia Regional Leadership in 1944–1945, Demchuk, under the alias Lugovyi, was tasked with developing the underground network. As head of the Kamianets-Podilskyi, Dunayevets, and Vinnytsia supra-district leaderships, he established a vertical structure of resistance, created a system of safe houses, expanded personnel by recruiting local residents, supported the formation of youth organizations, and oversaw sabotage operations and the liquidation of Soviet party activists. Numerous scholars have noted Demchuk’s significant role in advancing the national liberation movement in the Podillia region.Lugovyi continued his resistance against the Soviet occupation authorities until February 8, 1951, when he was captured during a special operation by the Ministry of State Security (MGB). Despite severe torture that ultimately led to his death, he remained steadfast in his convictions, repeatedly affirming that he was a fighter for an independent Ukrainian state and the Ukrainian people.

MEMOIR HERITAGE OF LATE PROTESTANT COMMUNITIES OF THE NADDNIPRIANS IN THE MID-19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY AS A CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL PHENOMENON

2025-08-01T15:26:24+03:00

The paper examines the memoir heritage of the late Protestant communities of the Naddniprians in the mid- nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is determined that memoirs are an important part of the source base for the history of any religious movement. The purpose of the article is to study the memoir heritage of the late Protestant communities of the Naddniprians in the mid-19th and early 20th centuries. The study used the biographical method to create a portrait of the authors of the memoirs, the psychological method to search for their inner motives and self-criticism, while the historical and comparative method was used to analyse the similarities and differences in the texts. It is established that in the context of studying the memoir heritage, a certain list of scientific problems should be identified that can be studied on their basis: the reasons for the emergence of this genre in the Protestant environment, the authors personal internal motives to describe their own past, the ways of presenting their experiences, the target audience of texts, self-analysis and self-criticism, quantitative and qualitative indicators. It is proved that the authors of the memoir heritage were representatives of different social groups and levels of the spiritual hierarchy of Protestant communities: a significant part of them are memoirs not so much of the leaders of late Protestant communities as of ordinary members who took an active life and religious position.It has been established that today researchers have access to various types of memoir heritage of the Late Protestant communities of the Naddniprians of the mid-nineteenth – first half of the twentieth century: autobiographies, personal testimonies in the form of correspondence or publications, written memoirs and narratives, historical essays, etc. It has been determined that the leaders and members of the communities left up to ten units of the memoir genre, which are important sources on the history – the late Protestant communities of the Naddniprians.It is revealed that the memoir heritage of the late Protestant communities is a unique historical heritage of the past, containing important factual, theological, biographical and chronological material. It is determined that this information is extremely important for understanding the context of the history of the Protestant movement.

HISTORIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH OF THE ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION IN THE CZECHOSLOVAK REPUBLIC IN THE 1920–1930

2025-08-01T15:29:44+03:00

The article is devoted to the study of the works of Ukrainian scholars who reveal in their research the life and activities of the Ukrainian intelligentsia, which in the 1920s and 1930s was forced to leave Ukraine and emigrate to the Czechoslovak Republic. The study analyzes the works of different historical periods and considers the authors’ works with regard to their political positions and socio-cultural role among emigrants. The source base of the study consists of works that provide a comprehensive picture of the historical conditions for the formation of a specific socio-cultural environment in Czechoslovakia. The purpose of the study is to analyze historical works and identify the main aspects that were addressed by researchers in different periods of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Several groups of works are presented, including the works of Ukrainian and foreign scholars: historians and publicists who were contemporaries of emigrants and studied their activities at that time; foreign historians who studied the activities of emigrants in the context of historical events taking place in a particular country; and domestic historians who devoted their works to the study of Ukrainian emigration and certain aspects. In particular, the research used the methods of analysis and synthesis to determine the author’s vision of the events discussed in this article.Also, the method of synthesis, which allowed us to consider the works of Ukrainian historians, grouping them into groups and determining the relationship in their vision of the problem. Thus, the analysis of the scientific works taken into account made it possible to distinguish the following aspects of the topic: the emergence and development of Ukrainian emigration in the Czechoslovak Republic, its situation during the 20–30s of the twentieth century; political, scientific, and educational activities of the Ukrainian intelligentsia; coverage of the history of Ukrainian higher education institutions and emigrant associations; and research on the life and work of prominent emigrant figures.

DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SCIENCE IN THE LESYA UKRAINKA STATE PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE OF LUTSK IN 1946–1991

2025-08-01T15:33:18+03:00

The article reflects the results of a scientific and historical study, the theme of which is physical education and science at the Lesya Ukrainka State Pedagogical Institute of Lutsk in the mid-40s – early 90s of the ХХ century.The chronological boundaries of the study of this topic are determined by the resumption of the activities of the Lutsk Teachers Institute (1946), until the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991). The main features of the development of physical education and science in the Volyn region are demonstrated. The personnel aspect, the process of providing the institute with teaching staff, as well as material, technical and didactic support are analyzed. The process of students admission to the institute, the features of the admission campaigns of that time are also described. The author tried to describe the educational and methodological aspect of physical education and demonstrates its relationship with other aspects of education in the Volyn region. During the study of this topic, a wide range of historical sources were used, most of which are unpublished archival documents stored in the State Archives of the Volyn region. The source base also includes Volyn regional periodicals of the Soviet era and eyewitness accounts. The author used general scientific and historical-scientific methods of scientific research, in particular methods of analysis and synthesis, deductive and inductive, problem-chronological, comparative-historical and statistical. The work is of interest to historians-scientists, teachers, managers of education and science of Ukraine, students of higher and secondary educational institutions, as well as those who are interested in the history of education in Ukraine in the Soviet time.

THE FORMATION OF BOGDAN STUPKA’S PERSONALITY DURING HIS CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE: INFLUENCE OF FAMILY UPBRINGING

2025-08-01T15:35:51+03:00

Throughout the history of the development of society, a person from birth went through the path of gradual assimilation of social norms, the formation of a system of values and individual character traits, which determined the next stage – his or her formation as a person. From birth, the primary social environment for any person is the family and/or their loved ones. The social experience that a person receives from their family forms their initial model of behavior and communication, life trajectory, etc. The compilation of a historical portrait of a person must begin with an analysis of the initial social circle, the principles of upbringing and interaction of family members, and an analysis of lineage and heritage.The article analyzes the personality of the renowned theater and film actor, later artistic director, public servant, and Hero of Ukraine, Bohdan Stupka, who grew up and was formed during wartime with the support of his loved ones. Bohdan Stupka was born in 1941 during World War II, when German troops occupied Western Ukraine. The historical context determined new living conditions for the local population: political repression, social instability, economic crisis, and a general sense of uncertainty about the future. Later, many books will be written about Bohdan Stupka and his activities by Ukrainian authors, foreign authors will write about his talent for “visual and mental contact” with the viewer, the content of his filmography will be envied by famous actors of today, his skills and abilities have become an incentive for many theater and film actors. The study of the figure of a Ukrainian figure and his significance for the history of Ukraine in the context of preserving Ukrainian culture is extremely important.Analyzes the actor’s family upbringing, addressing the question of whether his choice of profession was dynastic or a conscious personal decision – an atypical choice in which a representative of one profession within a family deliberately chooses a different path for his future development. Has been analyzed the role and significance of his relatives, who contributed to his formation and development as a theater figure, an actor of various genres of films of domestic and foreign productions, a public figure, etc.During his childhood and youth, the actor absorbed essential knowledge, grew up in a unique socio-cultural environment, and demonstrated a strong inclination toward theatrical art. An understanding of his early life path provides deeper insight into his worldview, motivation, values, and special approach to creativity.

THE IMAGE OF PETR DAMIANI IN THE SCIENTIFIC WORK OF PROFESSOR ANDREY SERGIEVICH VYAZYGIN

2025-08-01T15:37:59+03:00

Andrii Sergiiovych Viazyhin (1867–1919) was a historian and medievalist, professor at Kharkiv University.A characteristic feature of A.S. Vyazyhin as a researcher was the predominance of church and historical themes in his work. In this regard the main subject of his research work was the history of church and social transformations in the eleventh century in the Western Church.In own research Professor A.S. Vyazygin critically perceived the simplistic division of church history into “decline” and “revival”, showing that reforms are the result of internal processes, not just authoritarian intervention from above. In his work “Peter Damiani and the Church and Social Transformations of the Eleventh Century” (1895) the scholar presented a detailed analysis of Peter Damiani’s role in the process of reforming the church in the eleventh century. This work was based on a trial lecture, wchich delivered on 10 November 1894 and published in the Notes of Kharkiv University. It is interesting to note that Professor A.S. Vyazyhin was one of the first in the national science to introduce the figure of Petro Damiani into scientific circulation, showing him not just as a theologian and monk, but as a public figure who involved in the reform processes.The main task of the medievalist was to reveal the activities of Peter Damiani as a representative of the moderate trend of church reforms of the eleventh century. A.S. Vyazyhin notes that Damiani sought the moral renewal of the clergy, opposing the radical methods of the reformers. Damiani preferred soft measures aimed at improving discipline and morality in the church environment.This article is a modest attempt by the author to have his word about the above-mentioned activities of A.S. Vyazigin.The article also critically analyses the reformist activities of P. Damiani, showing that his ideas did contribute to strengthening discipline and spiritual purity. However, his radical methods and extreme asceticism are very polemical and cause discussions among researchers.

AGAINST BRAUDEL: ADVANCED FEATURES OF THE MATERIAL CULTURE OF UKRAINE IN THE 18TH – 19TH CENTURIES (WHITE BREAD AND DISTILLERY)

2025-08-01T15:41:46+03:00

The general position of Western researchers is to attribute Ukraine to the backward countries of Eastern Europe, which in the 16th – 18th centuries served as the raw material periphery of Western Europe, primarily as exporters of grain at the expense of the exploitation of dependent peasants, in relation to whom the feudal lords carried out the “second edition of serfdom”. A vivid example of this approach is the famous three-volume work of the French historian Fernand Braudel “Material Civilization, Economy and Capitalism, 15th – 18th centuries”, which was translated into Ukrainian in the 1990s and is widely cited by Ukrainian authors. Moreover, the bulk of the population of both Eastern and Western Europe in the 16th – 18th centuries experienced a sharp deterioration in their nutritional conditions, so that even white bread became a luxury for the elite. Despite this, a fairly high-quality level of nutrition for the general public was recorded on the territory of Ukraine at this time, and the advantage among the export industries of cattle breeding and distilling in combination with a relatively high grain yield.This is primarily characteristic of the eastern regions of Ukraine with Cossack self-government, in particular for Slobozhanshchyna. F. Braudel also noted the division in European countries into regions rich in wheat and poor in livestock, and regions with poor soils, which specialized mainly in cattle breeding and at the same time could often provide a higher level of well-being for the peasants. A striking feature of Ukraine (primarily Eastern and Southern) was that it was rich in both wheat and livestock. Moreover, grain for distilling was imported here from Russia, which thus served as a raw material appendage of Ukraine. This was combined with a significantly lower level of feudal exploitation of Ukrainians compared to Russians, and this situation persisted even after the abolition of Ukraine’s autonomy, when Ukrainians paid three times less taxes than Russians. Ukraine, especially its East and South, due to the long-term consequences of the Cossack Revolution and the availability of free land, acquired in the 18th–19th centuries certain features of advanced societies of Western Europe, including through the economic exploitation of neighboring regions of Russia as its own backward periphery.

CHURCH AND SOCIAL REFORMS IN GREAT BRITAIN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH – FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

2025-08-01T15:44:26+03:00

The article analyses the changes in the church and social processes in the UK, focusing on the activities of the reformed parliament. Despite the expansion of the electoral base, the Parliament remained predominantly conservative. The internal contradictions between democratic tendencies and the desire to preserve the traditional institutions of the monarchical state are considered.The aim of the study is to analyze the church and social reforms in Great Britain in the second half of the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries, with a particular focus on the changes following the parliamentary reform of 1832. The research method is based on the historical and analytical method, which allows to identify the cause- and-effect relationships between political events and social transformations.Special attention is paid to the Irish question: the activities of Daniel O'Connell, his struggle for Catholic emancipation and Irish autonomy, as well as the British government’s response – repressive measures and attempts at reform, in particular in the field of church tax. The conflict between the state Anglican Church and the Irish population is analyzed.Describes the succession of governments: the resignation of Charles Grey, the activities of William Lam and Robert Peel's attempt to hold on to conservative power. The last attempt of the monarch to intervene in the formation of the government despite the parliamentary majority is also discussed.It highlights the struggle for the abolition of slavery, the role of religious and humanist movements, the contribution of William Wilberforce and the significance of the 1833 Act on the abolition of slavery. It shows the interconnection of economic, moral and political factors in this process.Analyses the first steps of the state in the field of education: financing public schools, creating inspectorates and the emergence of new institutions, such as the University of London. The author shows the role of the Whigs in initiating reforms and the opposition of the church. The reform of local government (the 1835s Act) is considered, which expanded the right to vote, although it was more difficult in Ireland due to conflicts on religious grounds. On the social level, the author describes measures to fight against poverty: the creation of workhouses, the adoption of the 1834s Law on child labour, which limited the exploitation of children and recognized the state's responsibility for social protection.Despite steps towards democratization and secularization, the foundations of the British state system remained unchanged.

DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN STARYI KODAK IN 1764 YEAR (BY THE CONFESSIONAL LIST MATERIALS)

2025-08-01T15:47:40+03:00

The aim of the article is to estimate historical-demographic situation in the settlement Staryi Kodak (Old Kodak) on the base of Confessional list of Staryi Kodak cross substitute in 1764 year. Despite the presence of a large historiography about history of Staryi Kodak fortress, researches about history of the settlement and it`s demographic history there are almost absent and information what we have on this topic is sporadic. The research was based on the confessional list of Staryi Kodak cross substitute by 1764 year. Author makes the conclusion that population composition of Staryi Kodak, marriages rates and birth rates trends were close to the same indicators for other settlements in Kodatska and Samarska palankas for the same period. There was indicated a significant negative influence of Russian-Turkish war 1735–1739 years on population composition, birth and marriage rates. Lack of males born between 1735 and 1749 years is signally in sex and age population structure although the gender ratio was balanced (sex ratio 96). After war crisis 1739–1748 years has made a significant influence on marriages and natality. During 1739–1745 years, marriage rates were half as low as in the following years (3% instead of 6%).Birth rates reacted on the crisis more lateness. During 1741–1748 years, birth rates were also half the normal level (20% versus 40%). Natality level in Staryi Kodak (40%) is high by modern standards, but it was normal for this period, and even lower than in the Hetmanate (45%). Birth rates, including total birth rates (coefficient 6) in Stary Kodak coincided with other old and large settlements on the territory of the Zaporizhzhian Lowland Army, but were lower than in the new settlements (Kamianske and Kamiaanka Starozhytnia). The average age of marriage was 25.9 years for males and 19.6 years for females, which was quite low compared to other settlements in the palanka.A feature of Staryi Kodak from the point of view of marriageability was the rather late age of reaching 100% marriageability among the male population (45–49 years old).

RESTRICTIONS ON RELIGIOUS FREEDOM DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: TRANSFORMATION OF VALUE FOUNDATIONS

2025-08-04T11:03:33+03:00

The article examines the transformation of the value foundations of religious freedom in Ukraine under conditions of full-scale Russian aggression. The author analyzes the paradigmatic shift from a liberal model of religious freedom as an absolute value to a securitized model, where security becomes the determining criterion for the permissibility of religious activity.The study reveals the evolution of approaches to religious freedom in Ukraine – from an optimistic vision as an indisputable achievement of democracy to awareness of its vulnerability under hybrid threats. Special attention is paid to the use of religious institutions as instruments of hybrid warfare and the formation of a new legal regime in response to these challenges.Applying the theoretical developments of the Copenhagen School of Security Studies, the author explores the process of securitization of religion in the Ukrainian context, highlighting its specific characteristics: the existential nature of the threat, institutional dependence as a security factor, and the preventive nature of securitization.The article analyzes the international community's reaction to Ukrainian restrictions on the activities of religious organizations associated with the aggressor country, and reveals the complexity of balancing traditional human rights principles with recognition of Ukraine's security needs.The author problematizes the formation of a new paradigm of "security as a prerequisite for freedom," which is based on rethinking the hierarchy of rights under conditions of existential threat. Special attention is paid to the process of institutionalizing a new approach to regulating the activities of religious organizations associated with the aggressor country.The study is of significant importance for understanding the transformation of the relationship between individual rights and collective security in the era of hybrid threats and may serve as a foundation for rethinking international standards of religious freedom under conditions of existential challenges.

THE SOCIAL DIMENSION OF PERSONAL IDENTITY: DETERMINANTS AND HORIZONS OF SUBJECTIVITY

2025-08-01T15:52:56+03:00

The article presents a socio-philosophical analysis of personal identity through the prism of its social determinants and conceptual outlines of subjectivity. The starting point is the realization that the modern understanding of identity is increasingly moving away from substantive ideas about the “I” as an a priori, autonomous entity and is gravitating towards understanding identity as a procedural, relational and socially conditioned structure. In this context, identity appears as an effect of interaction between individual subjectivity and the socio-cultural environment, which includes discursive, institutional, historical and symbolic components. Special attention is paid to the problem of the continuity of identity, which is understood in the context of the philosophical concepts of memory, narrative and continuity. The role of post-structuralist criticism, which problematizes the notion of a holistic “I” and opens up new horizons for understanding subjectivity, is also emphasized. The article considers two key approaches to the analysis of the social dimension of identity: oppositional (through the dichotomy “I – Other”) and holistic (through the concept of the inseparability of the social and the personal). The ideas of P. Ricoeur, E. Husserl, A. Bergson, M. Foucault, J. Bataille are analyzed, as well as modern interpretations of V. Buzacchi, G. Martini, C.-L. Cheng, V. Vignoles, etc. It is shown that identity is the result of a dialogue between self-consciousness and social recognition, as well as a response to the symbolic and ethical challenges of modernity. Special attention is paid to motivational, communicative, and cultural factors that form the framework of identity. Emphasis is placed on the need to rethink the analytical tools of modern social philosophy, taking into account the instability and multidimensionality of social existence, which provokes identity and subjectivity to constant changes, contradictions, and transformations.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF FOOD IN UKRAINE DURING WARTIME: ETHNOCULTURAL MODELS AND EXISTENTIAL REALITIES

2025-08-01T15:56:13+03:00

This article presents a comprehensive philosophical and cultural analysis of Ukrainian food practices during wartime, conceptualized as a form of extreme existential experience that transforms food from a physiological necessity into a multilayered symbolic phenomenon imbued with cultural, moral, and ontological meanings. The aim of the study is to conceptualize the philosophy of food as an integrative analytical field for understanding the role of sensory memory, gastronomic identity, and ritualized forms of social interaction. The methodological framework incorporates hermeneutic analysis of culinary texts, philosophical theories of corporeality, cultural anthropology, and material culture studies, enabling the interpretation of food as a mediator of historical and collective memory.Special attention is devoted to the analysis of Soviet gastronomic unification, which led to the denationalization of Ukrainian cuisine through the standardization of recipes and the erasure of urban culinary traditions, as well as to current decolonial processes manifested in the revival of local recipes and the rejection of Soviet stereotypes. The philosophy of food is theorized within the domain of Ukrainian humanities as a component of postcolonial discourse that resists imperial attempts at cultural erasure and emerges as a form of moral resistance embodied in sensory experience.The practical significance of the research lies in the development of new analytical approaches to understanding food as an instrument of cultural restoration, solidarity, and gastronomic diplomacy in the context of global challenges.The study highlights the role of volunteer initiatives, food preparation for defenders, and the culinary practices of the diaspora in promoting Ukrainian culture abroad and counteracting the historical expropriation of traditional dishes. Ukrainian gastronomic practices during wartime function as an ontological mechanism for preserving cultural memory and reconstructing social order in times of existential crisis, providing temporary identity stability under radical conditions.

THE PHENOMENON OF ACADEMIC VALUES IN CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE

2025-08-01T16:00:08+03:00

The article explores the essential characteristics of academic values within a philosophical interpretation. It identifies the practical aspects of implementing such academic values as academic integrity, academic freedom, and the autonomy of higher education institutions. Emphasis is placed on the moral dimension of academic integrity and the importance of moral culture among all participants in the educational process for its meaningful realization in social existence.Academic freedom is highlighted as a core academic value that, within a worldview and cultural context, constitutes the foundation of educational relations in democratic societies. The scholarly literature presents it through a range of complementary definitions. At the same time, it is emphasized that academic freedom should not become a pretext for abuse – whether by university administrations or individual actors within the educational sphere. Within democratic education systems, academic freedom necessarily involves social responsibility in all its dimensions: legal, moral, institutional, and societal. Its realization requires comprehensive moral, legal, and intellectual preparedness from all participants in the educational and research processes – both in form and in substance.The value of academic freedom is shown to correlate with the axiology of institutional autonomy in higher education. As one of the foundational principles of the Bologna Process, institutional autonomy entails independence, self-governance, and responsibility in decision-making concerning the development of academic freedoms. Each educational system and specific institution establish its own balance of regulatory mechanisms and levels of freedom, which in turn determines the degree of institutional autonomy. Overall, three primary models of autonomy can be distinguished: minimal, partial, and full.It is concluded that academic values, in a philosophical sense, form the foundation for personal self-realization, serve as the basis for societal progress, and embody the principles of freedom and creativity in both individual and social existence.

SCIENCE MUSEUM AS A NETWORK: THE ROLE OF INTERPRETERS THROUGH THE PRISM OF BRUNO LATURA’S ACTOR-NETWORK THEORY

2025-08-01T16:03:13+03:00

The role of science museum interpreters from the perspective of the actor-network theory developed by French researcher Bruno Latour is explored in this article. The authors analyze how the activities of interpreters contribute to the formation and support of a dynamic network of interactions in science museums, which, in turn, facilitates the dissemination of scientific knowledge and the shaping of a scientific worldview among visitors. The concept of the “interpreter” and their practical activities, comparing global experience with domestic practice, are also examined in the article.Using an actor-network approach, the authors demonstrate that interpreters are not merely transmitters of information and knowledge but they are active actors shaping a network of interactions between exhibits, technological tools, and visitors. Through specific examples, the article highlights how the role of interpreters has transformed – from traditional knowledge transmission to stimulating dialogue and discussions about science.Particular attention is paid to the model of the science museum of the American physicist Frank Oppenheimer, which became the key to the formation of the philosophical and pedagogical approach of their activities and the choice of forms of work of interpreters on both the American and European continents.The authors also examine the impact of interpreters on the educational process, emphasizing their role in fostering a positive attitude toward science among children and young people. Analysis of the activities of interpreters at the Science Museum of the Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in light of the challenges posed by the full-scale war, highlights the importance of their work for fostering children’s curiosity, engaging them in problem- solving activities, and providing psycho-emotional support.In summary, the authors note the adaptability of interpreters to ongoing challenges, their crucial role in deepening interest in natural sciences, and the need for further empirical research on this topic.

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE IN THE POST-NONCLASSICAL ERA: NEW ASPECTS OF ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY

2025-08-01T16:07:04+03:00

The article explores the ethical dimensions of post-nonclassical philosophy of science, which is taking shape amid profound transformations in contemporary scientific knowledge. The author analyzes the shift in epistemological foundations, marked by the growing importance of interdisciplinarity, the increasing influence of social and human factors in science, and the emergence of new types of scientific rationality that go beyond classical objectivity and neutrality. Special attention is given to the phenomenon of technoscience – a new type of scientific activity that integrates science and technology, aimed not only at explaining reality but also at actively transforming it. This calls for a reconsideration of the scientist’s ethical responsibility, which can no longer be confined to adherence to internal scientific norms. The author introduces the concept of “responsible knowledge”, which involves taking into account the long-term consequences of scientific decisions for individuals, society, and the environment. In this context, the epistemology of trust is examined as a key condition for the functioning of science in a world characterized by complexity and global interdependence. The article also addresses the ethical challenges posed by biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and the ecological crisis – challenges that confront post-nonclassical science.Through this analysis, the author concludes that the philosophy of science in the post-nonclassical era requires a new ethical horizon – one that combines intellectual integrity with social responsibility, and that is capable of responding to the challenges of technogenic civilization. Ethics of science ceases to be a narrowly specialized discussion and becomes a platform for global dialogue about the future of humanity.

SOCIAL EXCLUSION AS A VIOLATION OF THE SOCIAL CONTRACT

2025-08-01T16:10:16+03:00

The events taking place in modern Ukraine and the democratic world in general are bringing the phenomenon of social exclusion back to the attention of scholars and the general public. In the contemporary intellectual discourse, it is defined as the process of exclusion of an individual or a group of people from social relations due to limited access to basic social resources, including management decisions. Awareness of this problem became possible as a result of the economic and socio-cultural transformations that took place during the Renaissance and contributed to the society’s awareness of the value of individuality, thus securing the right to individual self-determination.The gradual rooting in the public consciousness of the human right to freedom (including self-expression) led to the development of new approaches to understanding the tasks of the state and politics by a number of leading philosophers (T. Hobbes, J. Locke and J.-J. Rousseau). Responding to the challenges of their time, they proposed to consider the state as the result of a social contract concluded by the free consent of citizens who agree to transfer part of their rights to the state for the sake of security and protection. Their proposed explication of the state as the result of the voluntary consent of citizens, rather than divine anointing, contributed to the growth of the legitimacy of the government, whose main task in the new socio-cultural conditions was to develop a just and orderly society in which all citizens have an equal right to fair protection. Instead, the state’s violation of the human right to equivalent freedom or its inability to ensure equality, which, given the persistence of social inequality, will be sufficiently beneficial for the least successful members of society, leads to the emergence of social exclusion. Unlike social exclusion, which was widespread in the classical era, it indicates a violation of a fair social contract, thereby contributing to the growth of social tension.

THE PHILOSOPHICAL COMPONENT OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE AND COGNITION: BALLAST OR IMPERATIVE?

2025-08-01T16:37:51+03:00

The sphere of modern scientific knowledge places great hopes on the systemic and synergistic effect of interdisciplinary research. In general, such hopes are not unfounded: since the 1980s, the greatest increase in heuristic achievements of science has been ensured primarily by the interaction of different disciplines. Actually, even from the considerations of the internal logic of the evolution and functioning of scientific knowledge and cognition, there are no objections here, because the disciplinary demarcation of scientific knowledge occurred at a certain stage only on the basis of the inability to perceive the studied reality in its entirety, but reality has always been and will always remain exactly that: an organic unity of a huge set of aspects, which for its correct and effective study requires appropriate tools in the format of combining the efforts of different disciplinary approaches. In this case, we are primarily talking about the criterion-based foundations of perception of the realities of the subject area, as well as about consensus or at least about conventional agreement of positions on the axiological foundations of epistemological and epistemological processes. The point is that in the absence of explicit agreement on different interpretations of this roadmap, we will be dealing not so much with complementarity as with mutual absorption of research efforts.An illustrative example is the situation with conceptual and stereotypical differences between the historical field of knowledge and the philosophy of history: if historians accuse philosophers of relatively blurring the very foundations of history as a set of unambiguous facts, then philosophers ironically note that most scientific facts meet this criterion to an extremely small extent, and in addition, for the correct perception of systemic realities, it is not factography, but factology that is of decisive importance, to meet the needs of which historians often lack the competence and research skills in this profile.

ONTOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF COMMUNICATIVE MECHANISMS

2025-08-01T16:52:28+03:00

This article presents an attempt at a philosophical reflection on the ontological foundations of communicative mechanisms. It justifies the importance of addressing this issue within an axiological framework. The study reveals that, in analyzing the essential foundations of communicative mechanisms, it is necessary to consider issues related to the modern realities of existing polylocal elements and their spiritual foundation.Considering the given topic, the article examines communicative mechanisms not merely as means of communication but as structures that reflect the deeper meaning of essential existence. It is justified that ontological foundations elucidate the complexity of the social environment, which is shaped by diverse cultural forms and an extensive array of individual rational meanings of being.In addressing the article’s issues, thinkers are referenced who have emphasized the significance of communication in social contexts. The analysis of Niklas Luhmann’s theoretical assertions leads to the conclusion that successful interaction in a multicultural world is impossible without perception and understanding. Reference to Karl-Otto Apel’s justification of discourse further confirms that communicative mechanisms serve as effective tools for interaction in a polylocal environment. Additionally, Jürgen Habermas’s is mentioned in the context of analyzing the impact of the socio-cultural lifeworld on communicative processes. The article concludes that the development and enhancement of a multicultural environment requires consideration of its diverse components, thereby positioning semantic relativism as a fundamental ontological category. It is emphasized that the ontological foundation of communicative mechanisms lies in understanding of the diversity of the social environment.

DISSERTATION RESEARCHES OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS-EDUCATORS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY OF THE DRAHOMANOV’S UNIVERSITY FROM IN THE FIRST 10 YEARS OF THE INSTITUTE OF PHILOSOPHY AND EDUCATIONAL POLICY

2025-08-01T16:55:03+03:00

The article discusses the peculiarities of the novelty of the results of dissertation research by young scholar- educators who held teaching positions in the Department of Philosophy at the current Educational and Research Institute of Philosophy and Educational Policy of the Mikhail Dragomanov National Educational University of Ukraine during the period from 2005 to 2015. The application of historical methods, as well as systematic analysis and doxography in the form of citations, has made it possible to establish that the works of Tatyana Glushko on the Philosophy of Economics, considering her Structural-Methodological Analysis, as well as the Economic Theory of the Nation in Terms of its Socio-Philosophical Context; Lyudmila Oblova on the Cognitive Capabilities of Philosophical Faith; Oksana Steblyna on the Natural Philosophical Romanticism of D. Vellansky; Hanna Tsytsenko on Christian Anachoretism as a Philosophical-Anthropological Problem; Serhiy Rusakov on Philosophizing as Feature of Popular Culture; Anton Drobovych on Hedonistic Discourse as Phenomena of Europian culture; Vitaliy Turenko on the Phenomenon of Love in the Philosophical-Anthropological Dimensions of the Eastern Patristic tradition; Kateryna Honcharenko on the Historical-Philosophical Methodological Project of Gilles Deleuze in Contemporary European Discourse; Volodymyr Volkovs’ky on Genesis of the Idea of Sociality in the Philosiophical Thought of Ukraine in the Nineteenth Century; Tetyana Mozgova on Social-Philosophical Analysis of the Axiological Dimension of Human Existence in the Japanese Cultural Tradition; Yevheniy Shushkevych on the Historical-Philosophical Analysis of Metaphysical Issues in the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein; Iryna Berezinec on the Epistemological Problems in the works of G.I. Chelnanov have significant elements of scientific novelty. The dramatic events of 2014 in the life of Ukraine and the Department of Philosophy merely emphasised the search for philosophical problems.Brief notes on the education and work characteristics of doctoral candidates in philosophical sciences suggest that they have taken advantage of their professional education: both philosophical and otherwise. The fact that only a small portion of the mentioned individuals currently work in the department can be explained by the difficult life circumstances of those who once conducted high-quality philosophical research. The sphere of research work of the Department of Philosophy has extended far beyond its boundaries, including those of the university. Thanks to this, the Department has become a true foundational link of the Institute.

VIRTUAL MODELING AND MEMORY: HOW VIDEO GAMES PRESERVE THE MEMORY OF VANISHING PHYSICAL SPACES

2025-08-01T16:58:34+03:00

This article explores the phenomenon of video games as a tool for preserving the memory of real-world places.Through the use of 3D modeling, photogrammetry, and other digital techniques, modern video games recreate real- life locations, architecture, and other elements of material culture with a high degree of accuracy. In many cases, these spaces and objects are transferred into virtual worlds in ways that allow them to serve as virtual archives – preserving knowledge and memory of toponymy that may be altered or lost over time due to various real-world factors.The article discusses both international and Ukrainian examples of video games that engage with historical or topographic memory. In particular, it analyzes Assassin’s Creed Unity, a game that features a highly realistic reconstruction of medieval Paris, including a detailed model of the Notre-Dame Cathedral. Notably, assets from this game were used in the restoration efforts of the real cathedral after the 2019 fire. The Ukrainian game series S.T.A.L.K.E.R., which is set in an alternative version of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, incorporates real architectural elements from the area, thereby preserving representations of it within virtual space. Some game locations even extend beyond the boundaries of the Exclusion Zone and digitally reconstruct endangered urban architecture from Kyiv.While video games may deliberately alter real spaces for the sake of gameplay dynamics, they often preserve the atmosphere and sense of place associated with those locations. This balance between realism and game design enables video games to serve as powerful tools for the preservation and popularization of cultural heritage. Not only do they introduce broad audiences to historical sites, but they also promote their study through interactive technologies.

DECONSTRUCTING CULTURAL NARRATIVES IN THE DIGITAL AGE

2025-08-04T08:14:37+03:00

The analysis of the impact of digital archives on the preservation of cultural heritage poses a number of controversial and sometimes dilemmatic questions for scholars. One of these is based on the idea of the need to preserve cultural heritage through its digitization, which opens up prospects for both the protection of tradition and its complete loss through the erasure of meaning and values. Based on Jacques Derrida’s concept of différance, in which he invests the meaning of the play of “difference” and “deferred meaning”, one can see how the digital age transforms traditional narratives about the past, blurring their fixed nature and creating new interpretations that depend on subjective factors: who manages the archives, who reads them and in what context, gives them semantic load. In this process, cultural heritage can either be preserved or undergo a series of deconstructive transformations, exposing internal contradictions and hidden dependencies that previously remained unnoticed. Any attempts to capture the single «true» content of the narrative are impossible, since the «traces» of meaning that are present in it are never fully revealed.In the traditional approach, cultural narratives or historical chronicles, myths or literary works were perceived as stable carriers of meaning, reflecting the «truth» about the past. However, digital archives, such as online museums, libraries or databases, destroy this illusion of presence, which J. Derrida spoke about in his critique of Western metaphysics. Translating texts, images, or artifacts into digital format makes them available for endless copying, editing, and reinterpretation. For example, a digitized medieval manuscript ceases to be a unique object tied to a specific time and place and becomes hypertext that can be annotated, translated into other languages, or embedded in new narratives. This blurs the boundaries between original and copy, emphasizing that meaning is not fixed once and for all, but emerges in the process of differences between versions and interpretations.

THE PROBLEM OF GOD-WORLD RELATIONSHIP IN POPE FRANCIS’ ENCYCLICAL “LAUDATO SI’”: ATTEMPTS AT PANENTHEISTIC INTERPRETATION

2025-08-04T08:20:55+03:00

The article critically analyzes the literature on the panentheistic interpretation of the encyclical of Pope Francis (1936–2025) “Laudato si”, over the ten years since its publication. The relevance of the article is related to the need to study an innovative (at the level of church teaching) philosophical and theological understanding of the relationship between God and the world, which specifically emphasizes the immanence of God in the context of the ecotheological movement, as well as the “spatial” and “panentheistic” turns in philosophical, religious and theological thought.If we can confidently assert, thanks to the emphasis on the ontological distance between God and the world in “Laudato si”, the absence of pantheistic ideas in the encyclical, then a valid question arises about the possibility of interpreting some of its fragments in the categories of the panentheistic model of the God-world relationship.Authors such as V. Mancuso, S. Williams, and F. Crabbé give a positive, more or less well-founded answer to this question; however, in our opinion, their argumentation does not provide sufficient grounds for such a statement. The articles by V. Mendonca and T. Messias indicate the proximity of the ideas presented in the Encyclical to panentheism, and the works by R. Battocchio and A. Clifford already express serious skepticism. The article also draws attention to the article by A. Woźnica, which emphasizes Pope Francis’ understanding of the world as a sacrament – a concept close to one of the versions of panentheism – pansacramentalism. The difficulties associated with the panentheistic interpretation of the encyclical “Laudato si” (as well as other examples of philosophical and theological thought) can be seen in the lack of clarity of the concept of panentheism (and hence the lack of clear criteria for analysis), as well as the limited and selective inclusion of works whose authors (e.g., A. N. Whitehead, J. Cobb, P. Teilhard de Chardin, J. Moltmann, A. Peacock, I. Gebara, etc.) are considered panentheists.

THE CONCEPT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOHUMANITARIAN DISCOURSES

2025-08-04T08:32:55+03:00

The study clarified the heuristic potential of the “industrial revolution” concept in philosophical and socio- humanitarian discourses. The methodological approaches of modern social philosophy and the history of philosophy were used to implement the study. During the study, the content of industrial revolutions in the history of the development of human civilization was demonstrated, with an emphasis not so much on production as on the socio-cultural, anthropological, existential challenges created by them.Particular attention was paid to the fourth industrial revolution (new professions, artificial intelligence, nanobiotechnologies, the Internet of Things, etc.), which is a challenge of a technocratic nature (the cult of technology, knowledge, and innovation), provokes confusion in the individual regarding the prospects for professional self- realization, exacerbates competition between natural human intelligence and artificial intelligence, etc. It was possible to demonstrate the existing spectrum of interpretations of the prospects for the development of humanity – from optimistic, when a person is freed from routine work, handing it over to machines, robots, and artificial intelligence, to extremely pessimistic, when technological achievements of civilization in the era of Industry 4.0 create threats to world security. The article analyzes the concept of the fifth industrial revolution as a theory that describes a humanistic turn in civilizational progress: it was possible to demonstrate that the technocracy of the fourth industrial revolution with risks, when technologies become a challenge, can be overcome through the development of production and social processes, the center of which is the creative personality, and robotization, the Internet, artificial intelligence will act as pragmatic tools for liberating a person from uncreative processes.

PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PERFORMATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE THEATER NO

2025-08-04T08:38:01+03:00

Performativity is a multifaceted construct consisting of a number of components that are revealed in the aggregate of the concept due to the interweaving of action, meaning and being: where language, gesture and intention become not just tools of expression, but also acts of creating reality. An explanation of this can be found in John L. Austin, for whom words have not only descriptive, but also performative power: they do not just describe the world, but also transform it, as in the case of a promise, order or ritual. However, this potential goes beyond culture or, as in the case of John L. Austin, linguistics, entering the sphere of corporeality, sociality, and even ontology. The spectrum of the potential of performativity can be seen on the example of other philosophical theories in which it acts as a mechanism of construction. As in Judith Butler, it becomes a mechanism of identity construction: repeated acts, be it gestures, words or practices, form a subject that does not precede the action, but arises in it.On the other hand, Martin Heidegger could see in performativity an echo of being-in-the-world, where action not only changes external reality, but also reveals existence itself. The performative act becomes the site of Dasein's meeting with the world, the point where the potential of being is realized through participation. In this sense, performativity appears not only as a tool of power or self-expression, but also as a way of revealing the truth, albeit a temporary, situational one.Thus, if we consider the performative potential through a philosophical lens, we can see the dynamics between language and action, individual and society, possibility and limitation. It prompts us to think about how every act, be it an everyday gesture or an artistic performance itself, carries the power of creation, destruction or reinterpretation of reality, questioning the boundaries of what is and what can be.You can see the completeness of what constitutes performativity on the example of the Japanese Noh theater, which is not only a cultural phenomenon that emphasizes the aesthetic component of performance, but is itself a kind of philosophical practice that highlights the deeper structures of this phenomenon.

SOUND, SIGN, SENSE IN DISCOURSE SOUND STUDIES

2025-08-04T08:40:28+03:00

The presence of conceptual changes in the sound aura of culture requires a thorough philosophical analysis of sound as its primary element. The article highlights some aspects of “sound studies” as a modern interdisciplinary direction of the humanities that studies sound as a cultural, social and historical phenomenon. The discourse of sound studies uses the following concepts: “Soundscape” (R. M. Schafer), “sonic flux” (K. Cox), silence as a horizon of listening (D. Aidy, D. Tup, S. Vogelin, R. M. Schafer), sound-sign-sense. The methodology of sound studies is mainly based on the synthesis of phenomenological and semiotic approaches. The purpose of the article is to outline the leading vectors of modern sound research with an emphasis on its semiotic nature. It is stated that the conceptual apparatus and methodology of sound studies are at the stage of formation and go beyond the traditional (Aristotelian) understanding of sound as a physical phenomenon. It was found that the current vectors of sound research are currently: the nature of sound, its classification, history; phenomenology and semiotics of sound; psychology of sound perception; ecology of the sound environment. The analysis of traditional correlations of “sound” with music as the most concentrated form of the sound landscape is left outside the scope of the article. Attention is focused on the analysis of the relationships sound–visual image, sound–sign in language as a semiotic system, as well as on the understanding of sound in the process of its perception and interpretation. The facts of the tyranny of the «Visual» and its obvious expansionist intentions in relation to the “Sonor” in the space of modern culture are emphasized. The culture of “Hearing” is clearly transforming into the culture of “Spectacular”, which changes the sound landscape of the modern cultural space. The importance of further studying various sound practices, the role of sound in the formation of personal and collective identity, the influence of sound technologies on the formation of the semantic space of culture is emphasized.

PHILOSOPHY OF HOPE: OPTIMISM AS A SPIRITUAL PILLAR OF CRISIS SOCIETIES

2025-08-04T09:03:13+03:00

The philosophy of hope and optimism is an important component of the study of human psychology and social mechanisms that contribute to overcoming crisis situations. It forms the basis for understanding how individuals and societies can recover from major shocks such as wars, economic crises, natural disasters, or political conflicts. The proposed study provides a theoretical analysis of the philosophy of hope in the context of classical and contemporary philosophical concepts and considers the role of optimism as a resource in times of crisis. Particular attention is paid to the study of the functions of hope in psychological, social, political and economic contexts.Attention is drawn to the importance of hope as a mechanism for maintaining the mental stability of individuals, as well as a means of strengthening social solidarity and mobilizing collective efforts. It is determined that optimism can play a key role in the formation of constructive recovery strategies when it is combined with a critical analysis of the situation – this approach is called «realistic optimism». Special attention is paid to the risks that accompany excessive or illusory optimism in a crisis, when an unreasonable belief in rapid improvement can lead to social apathy, cynicism, or psychological exhaustion. Illusions of hope that are not backed up by real actions or plans often lead to the exacerbation of crises and even deepening of social problems. At the same time, the philosophy of hope points to the importance of maintaining a realistic approach to analyzing crisis situations and the need for active action to overcome them.The conclusions emphasize the importance of the philosophy of hope as a key element in the recovery of societies experiencing complex and protracted crises. Realistic optimism helps to form a positive but well-founded view of the future, which helps to create conditions for sustainable development even in times of global turmoil.

PHILOSOPHICAL COMPREHENSION OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF “VALUE”: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

2025-08-04T09:08:42+03:00

The article emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to conducting a comprehensive analysis of the concept of “value”. The article is devoted to the study of the concept of “value” using developments from various fields of scientific knowledge. The proposed approach allows us to identify the nuances of the transformation of the essential content of the concept of value, the features of its functioning in the dynamic context of the present and the impact on the construction of life strategies at both the individual and social levels.Through the prism of the evolution of concepts of understanding value as the main category of axiology, the main accents in the interpretation and perception of this concept are traced: from antiquity to multidimensional interpretations of modern philosophy. It is proven that an interdisciplinary approach allows expanding the boundaries of philosophical analysis, taking into account the social, psychological, legal and political aspects of the existence of values and understanding their essence. It is emphasized that values can be understood as a complex adaptive system of human orientations, which can contribute to greater harmony and mutual understanding on a global scale and is critically important for overcoming the challenges of the 21st century and building a more sustainable and just world.

TRANSFORMATION OF RELIGIOUS WORLDVIEW IN THE MODERN WORLD: MANIFESTATIONS OF ESCHATOLOGICAL CONSCIOUSNESS

2025-08-04T09:14:16+03:00

The article explores the place of the religious worldview in the modern world, provides a brief description of the origins of Christianity and important moments of its formation. The transformation of the religious worldview is analyzed using the example of Christianity. The article traces the connection between historical events – the fall of the Roman Empire, the Christianization of Europe, the change of ontological and axiological views – and the formation of a new culture, in which history acquired meaning as a field of struggle between good and evil, and time – a moral dimension.The influence of Christian eschatology on the formation of the worldview of European civilization is studied, starting from the era of Late Antiquity and ending with modern times. Attention is focused on how the religious idea of the end of the world – from the apocalyptic expectation of the first Christians to the philosophical reinterpretations in the works of Origen and Augustine – turned into a worldview paradigm that formed the image of history as a linear movement toward a final goal. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of eschatological consciousness into secular ideology. Modern manifestations of eschatological consciousness are analyzed, which persist even in a secular world: anxious expectations of global catastrophes, ecological collapses, and a technological “end of history” are presented as a symptom of the return of eschatological thinking in new forms. It is shown how, in the digital age, social networks and YouTube become informational triggers for the revival and dissemination of mystical prophecies. It is emphasized that religion in this case acts more as an informational pretext. Attention is focused on the interaction of faith and mysticism in conditions of global upheaval, and examples are provided.At the end of the article, a conclusion is made about the place that religion occupies in the worldview of a person of the 21st century.

THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AS A SUBJECT OF SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

2025-08-04T09:24:44+03:00

The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the concept of sustainable development as one of the key ideas of the modern global discourse, which defines new worldview guidelines in the interaction of humanity with the natural, social and technological environment. The thesis is substantiated that the concept of sustainable development is not only a set of economic or environmental strategies, but a holistic philosophical paradigm that has ontological, anthropological, ethical, and axiological dimensions. The trinity of sustainable development is analyzed – ecological, economic and social components – as interrelated and interdependent aspects of modern life, requiring a systemic approach to determining future development directions. Special attention is paid to the problems of harmonizing these dimensions. The focus of the study is on philosophical approaches to the interaction of human and nature, including criticism of anthropocentrism and consideration of ecocentric and biocentric concepts. The role of modern technologies in the formation of both potentials and threats to achieving the goals of sustainable development is determined. The contribution of philosophical concepts, in particular, ecological ethics (earth ethics, biocentric egalitarianism) to the formation of a new ethical paradigm of interaction with the environment is analyzed. Criticism of the concept of sustainable development is considered, in particular, from the side of post- structuralism, economic realism and supporters of the concept of “strong” sustainability. The article also draws attention to alternative economic models – circular economy, degrowth – which offer new scenarios for the transition to sustainable development. As a result, the need to integrate philosophical approaches to sustainable development into global and local policies is substantiated in order to form a harmonious, just and viable future.