EPISTEMOLOGICAL ISSUES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

The paper explores the epistemological questions of artificial intelligence. It is determined that the modern development of artificial intelligence (AI) poses new challenges for philosophy, particularly in the field of epistemology – the theory of knowledge. While in the past only the human being was recognized as the subject of cognition, today the question arises: can a machine be a bearer or creator of knowledge? The answer to this has not only theoretical but also worldview significance, as it defines the place of the human in a technological world and the limits of the very possibilities of science. He author attempts to rethink traditional epistemological concepts such as truth, objectivity, and justification, and to develop new approaches that take into account the specifics of knowledge obtained through artificial intelligence. The study examines the impact of AI on human cognitive processes, on one’s ability for critical thinking and the formation of beliefs. It addresses questions such as: can a system without consciousness be a subject of cognition, or does it remain merely a tool of the human mind; when a machine generates texts or makes decisions, does it understand them, or merely simulate the process of thinking; and how we can trust knowledge obtained with the help of AI. The article also analyzes Alan Turing’s responses to the question of whether special kinds of objects (machines), which do not possess human qualities, can think like humans. The study concludes that the epistemological questions of artificial intelligence show that modern technologies do not so much expand the boundaries of human knowledge as reveal its fundamental limitations. At the same time, they create new tools of cognition that allow humans to perceive the world differently. AI does not replace knowledge but transforms the ways it is acquired, verified, and applied. In this sense, the future of epistemology lies in the interaction between human and machine intelligence, which opens new horizons for the philosophical understanding of the nature of cognition.