CHARACTERISTICS OF RELIGIOUS FAITH IN THE WORKS OF UKRAINIAN RELIGIOUS SCHOLARS OF THE INDEPENDENT UKRAINE PERIOD

Abstract

The study of the characteristics of religious faith allows for a deeper understanding of its multifaceted nature, complexity, and internal contradictions. It is noted that one of the primary characteristics of religious faith is its transcendent orientation, which signifies its focus on higher spiritual truths that transcend the material world. In this context, the dialogicality of faith plays a crucial role, revealing the process of interaction between the individual and the divine as a path to spiritual growth and self-discovery. Religious faith is a key factor in self-identification, as it shapes both individual and collective identity, as well as systems of values and moral responsibility. It is established that the essence of the paradoxicality of religious faith lies in the synthesis of contradictory elements, such as unconditional faith and doubt, or absolute moral norms and individual freedom. The existential and meaningmaking nature of religious faith lies in its ability to shape a worldview that provides an individual’s life with meaning and moral guidance, especially amidst social crises, war, and the transformations of modern society. The soteriological nature of religious faith is linked to the human pursuit of the soul’s salvation, the preservation of inner balance, selfimprovement, and moral purification. Given its ambivalent nature, religious faith can serve as a vital source of moral support, social cohesion, and stability. Conversely, it can give rise to dogmatism, isolation, fanaticism, or conflict when faith is weaponized as an instrument of manipulation. Its security potential lies in fostering stability, solidarity, and psychological support, particularly in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, whereas danger arises from radicalization or the exploitation of faith to justify violence.