EXISTENTIAL AND ONTOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF CONSCIENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF HEIDEGGER’S PARADIGM OF BEING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31392/cult.alm.2023.3.17Keywords:
conscience, the voice of conscience, a pure conscience, guilty conscience, daily interpretation of conscience, disclosedness, humanity, care, guilt, will-having-conscience, being-toward-deathAbstract
For a long time, Heidegger’s fundamental ontology has remained the focus of attention not only for the philosophical elite and researchers of his legacy but also for various fields of knowledge, which is related to several contemporary cultural phenomena, the expression of which was made by the German thinker. Today, the most urgent problem to be comprehended is the loss of a person’s existential identity, the ability to be himself. Thus, a person loses (Verlorenheit) his or her being, falling into another world that is alien to them. This situation gives rise to a person’s lack of self-confidence, he or she feels “abandoned”, which leads to a dead end. Thus, there is a need to rethink Heidegger’s ideas in the context of globalization processes and the general crisis of human existence. Martin Heidegger revealed several systemic problems of human existence. The most important of them is the loss of the human ability to make a choice, because only the presence of choice, according to Heidegger, will allow a person to have the ability to be himself (Selbstseinkönnen). Also Heidegger raises the question of the crisis of human existence, which he associates with the oppression of the human self by the social self. Society, according to M. Heidegger, is a state of being in which a person loses identity, uniqueness, and the ability to follow oneself and hear one’s inner voice. The philosopher explores not only the causes of a person’s loss of selfhood but also reveals the horizon of human “healing” through the existential and ontological foundations of conscience. Only because of conscience, which does not leave a person at the moment of falling into a state of “individual oblivion”, does a person have hope of returning to through the ability to hear a voice that turns a person into here-and-now and a person “wakes up”. Heidegger calls this voice the voice of conscience (Was dergestalt rufend zu verstehen gibt, ist das Gewissen).
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