HOLIDAYS AND FESTIVALS IN THE CULTURAL LIFE OF BEREHOVE AND ITS DISTRICT (1964–1991)

Abstract

The article examines the cultural life of Berehove during the periods of «Stagnation» and «Perestroika» in the USSR. The author analyses the main directions of cultural development, the activities of cultural institutions, the influence of Soviet ideology, and the peculiarities of preserving the national culture of the Hungarian minority. The paper highlights numerous festivals, concerts, and other cultural events in Berehove. Special attention is paid to village and city days, which reflected the political and cultural aspirations of Soviet society. These events demonstrated the successes of collective farms, strengthened Soviet identity, and promoted devotion to communist ideals. The author describes in detail the activities of the Palace of Culture, which became the centre of the city’s cultural life. Exhibitions, concerts, and theatrical performances were held here. Particular attention is paid to the development of Berehove’s people’s theatre and its repertoire. The article analyses the work of local artists, particularly Anna Horvat, whose works were presented at international exhibitions. The activities of the literary studio and the Gyula Illyés Hungarian Literary Club are highlighted. The author notes that despite ideological pressure, elements of the national culture of the Hungarian minority were preserved in the city. Literary evenings, poetry competitions were held, and memorial plaques to Hungarian cultural figures were unveiled. Special attention is paid to the period of «Perestroika», when a freer expression of national identity became possible. The activities of the Transcarpathian Hungarian Cultural Association (KMKSZ) are described, which contributed to the revival of historical past and cultivation of national traditions. In the conclusions, the author emphasizes that public events and holidays during the Soviet period served as a tool for promoting Soviet political and ideological goals, but at the same time contributed to the preservation of elements of national culture and strengthening community cohesion. The study demonstrates the complex interaction of official Soviet culture and national cultural traditions in a multinational city.