TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN FROM CLASSICAL RATIONALISM TO POSTMODERN UNDETERMINATION

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive philosophical and anthropological analysis of the evolution of the concept of human from classical models of the industrial era to modern paradigms of postmodern uncertainty. The study traces the historical departure from the modern understanding of the subject as a holistic, autonomous and absolutely rational being capable of consistent linear cognition and comprehensive control over nature and society. It is shown how traditional managerial and psychological theories sought to rigidly structure human behavior in order to ensure general economic stability. At the same time, the gradual accumulation of crisis phenomena within this mechanistic approach is revealed in detail, which naturally led scientists to turn to the deep social and existential dimensions of being. Particular attention is paid to the sharp criticism of the universalism of grand narratives in the philosophy of postmodernism, which finally destroyed the illusion of a stable ontological core of the individual. The thesis that in the conditions of the rapid development of globalization processes, the erasure of traditional cultural boundaries and the formation of a global information space, a person inevitably finds himself in a state of radical transitivity is convincingly substantiated. The involvement of the conceptual apparatus of actor-network theory made it possible to comprehend the modern subject not as an isolated center of power, but rather as a moving node in a complex weave of hybrid socio-technical flows. Separately, the powerful impact of technological transformations of the Industry 4.0 era on the processes of constructing multiple identities is analyzed. A thorough conclusion is made about the urgent need to develop fundamentally new nonlinear tools for an adequate understanding of the modern status of man in the conditions of a network society