PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31392/cult.alm.2024.2.21Keywords:
philosophy, architecture, antiquity, culture, symmetry.Abstract
Ancient philosophical discourse and ancient architecture have gained global significance and has become the pinnacle of Hellenic civilization. This article examines the relationship between ancient philosophy and architecture. By using structural, conceptual and historical analysis of Greek architecture, the author aims to find out how ancient philosophical approaches influenced its development. The study analyzes various aspects of ancient architectural form and content, as well as their relation to various ancient philosophical concepts and principles, such as the golden ratio, the proportion of numbers, and the Doric and Ionic orders in the context of their symbolic meaning. In addition, the article examines the evolution of ancient architecture from the primitive to the classical period, reflecting the influence of philosophical thoughts on its development. The analysis of the influence of philosophical concepts that were formed in the ancient Greek world on the formation and development of architectural styles and construction techniques makes it possible to better understand the fundamental principles that became the basis for the architectural achievements of antiquity. It is revealed how philosophical concepts such as rationality, symmetry, proportion, and anthropocentrism moved from the realm of philosophy to architecture, influencing the formation of architectural objects, their structure, location, and functionality. The author analyzes such prominent structures as the Acropolis in Athens, its temples, including the Parthenon and the Propylaea, in the context of the philosophical principles of symmetry and number. The influence of Plato’s idealism and Aristotle’s concept of causality on the formation of architectural practice is investigated, emphasizing the inextricable link between the philosophical and the material in the ancient world. The research can serve as a basis for further scientific and practical developments in the field of philosophy and history of architecture and help to formulate a general concept of the influence of ancient Greek philosophical discourse on ancient architecture.
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